NET, IAS, State-SET (KSET, WBSET, MPSET, etc.), GATE, CUET, Olympiads etc.: Major Theories in Biology

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  • Stelar Theory - Pteridophytes
  • Viroid discovery by Deinni
  • Colloidal nature of protoplasm - Fisher & Hardy
  • Pyrinosase & furanose ⇾ Basis of Thermodynamics ⇾ Haworth
  • Mark Schultz Proposed protoplasm Theory (later by Hertwig)
  • J. E. Purkinje Coined term Protoplasm
  • Corti (1772) – 1st observed Protoplasm , Dujardin – Called it Sarcode
  • Leeuwenhoek first Observed animal cell
  • Malpighi & Grew Observed plant cell – Bladder & Utricles
  • 1st Develop Tissue Culture – Harrison
  • Phenomenon of antibiosis – Babes
  • Concept of antibiosis – vanilla
  • Enzyme diastase – payen & Persoz
  • Neo Lamarckism – speneck – medugal
  • Scientific Basis of vaccination – Pasteur
  • Steroid Conversion – Murray & Peterson
  • Neo Darwin – John Ray
  • Theory of pangenesis – Darwin
  • Theory of Germ layer – Karl von Baer (1792 - 1876)
  • Theory of reflex nervous - muller & Marskey
  • Theory of organizer concept - Spemann
  • Theory of Presumptive organ region - Vogt
  • Theory Epigenesis - Wolff
  • Vitamin - Axel Holst
  • Enzyme - Eduard Buchner
  • Parthenogenesis - Charles Bonnet
  • John Ray – Definition of Species
  • Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow- Omnis Cellula e cellula
  • Industrial melanism 1st by Fisher & E. B. ford
  • Industrial Melanism Recent by HBD Kettlewell
  • Genetics & Origin of Species - Dobzhansky
  • Neo Lamarckism – Alpheus S. Packard Jr.
  • Neo Darwinism – G. J. Romanes.