NET, IAS, State-SET (KSET, WBSET, MPSET, etc.), GATE, CUET, Olympiads etc.: Matter, Element, Compound & Mixtures
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Matter: Anything that occupies space and has weight is called matter.In general matter exists is three states,
- Solids have definite volume, a definite shape and are rigid.
- Liquids have definite volume, but no definite shape and non-rigid.
- Gases have neither definite shape, nor definite volume and are non-rigid. It is the simplest state and shows great uniformity in behavior.
Elements: An element is a substance which can neither be broken nor built from two or more simple substances by any physical or chemical method. Or in other words an element is a pure substance which contains only one kind of atom, e. g. , Fe (Iron) , Na (Sodium) , etc.
Types of Elements: (i) Metals, (ii) Non-metals, (iii) Metalloids
Compounds
A compound is a pure substance which contains more than one kind of element or atom in fixed proportion by weight e. g. , NaCl (Sodium chloride) , SO2 (Sulphur dioxide) , etc.
Types of Compounds
- Organic compounds
- Inorganic compounds
The properties of a compound are completely different from the those of its constituents.
Mixtures
- A material containing two or more elements or compounds in any proportion is a mixture. It can be separated into its constituents, e. g. . air, milk, paints, cements, cements etc.
Types of Mixtures
- Mixture can be either Homogeneous or Heterogeneous
- A mixture is said to be homogeneous if its composition in form throughout.
- A mixture is said to be heterogeneous if its composition is not uniform.
- The properties of a mixture are the properties of its constituents.
- A mixture with definite noting point is known as use inter profit mixture