Delhi Sultanate (1206 - 1526)
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Mubarak
Khalji
- Ascended the throne after the death of Allaudin
- Declared himself as khalifa and took the title of ‘Al-wasiq-billah’
- Issued gold coins.
Khusro Shah
- Hindu convert, from Gujarat.
- Murdered all the relatives of Allaudin and Mubarak Khalji.
- Disciple of Shaikh NiIzamuddin Auliya.
Tuglaqs
Ghiyassudin Tughlaq
- Murdered Khusro Shah and ascended the throne.
- Adopted the title Ghazi .
- First sultan to start the irrigation works.
- Died when a wooden pavilion collapsed.
Mohammad Bin Tughlaq
- Most educated sultan of Delhi.
- Known as the ‘Wisest Fool’ .
- Experimentative nature. His main experiments were:
- shifting of the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (deogiri)
- taxation of the Doab
- introduction of token currency (adali)
- planning of leading an expedition to Khurasan
- Qarachil expedition in the Kumaon hills
- Introduced agricultural reforms
- Taqavi and՚sondhar were the loans that were given to farmers.
- Established a new department Diwan-i-Kohi to bring barren land under cultivation.
- Established ‘Diwan-i-Siyasat’ , to punish officers.
- He died at Thatta
Feroz Shah Tughlaq
- He created two departments
- Diwan-i-Bandagan, i.e.. department of slaves
- Diwan-i-Khairat.
- He founded a lot of towns:
- Jaunpur Hissar
- Ferozpur near Badayun
- Ferozabad Fatehabad
- He wrote a book ‘Futuhat-i-Firozshahi’
- He abolished amputation
- At Jama Masjid he read the names of all the Delhi Sultans except Qutubuddin Aibak.
- He abandoned 23 taxes and imposed only four taxes as allowed by the shariat: Kharaj, Khums, Zakat, and Jaziya.
- Imposed irrigation tax, Haq-i-Sharb (10% of produce) .
- Constructed new canals called Anhar-i-Amma.
- Repaired Allaudin Khalji՚s Hauz-i-Hahi (a canal) and Ntutmish՚s Hauz-i-Shamsi.
- Banned the sale of slaves.
- Under Diwan-i-Bandagan 1,80, 000 slaves were employed.
- In 1360, he led an expedition to the Nagarkot. The king of Nagarkot was defeated and the temple of Jwalamukhi was looted and plundered.
Later Tughluqs
Ghiyasudin TugMaq Shah II
- Original name was Fateh Khan.
- Wazir was malik Zada Feroz.
Abu Bakr Naseeruddin Mohammad Shah
- Invaded Kannauj
- Died at Jaieshar
- Succeeded by Prince Humayun.
- Prince Humayun assumed title Allaudin Slander Shah but he died within six weeks.
Naseeruddin Mehmud Shah
- Lord of the worlds whose territory extended from Delhi to Palam.
- During his reign, Taimur Lang (1398 A. P-) invaded Delhi.
- Both Naseeruddin Mehmud and his minister Malu fled.
- After his departure Malu along with Naseeruddin Mehmud returned back to Delhi.
- During the oblivion period of two years, they lived in Gujarat.
- Sultan Naseeruddin died in 1412.