NET, IAS, State-SET (KSET, WBSET, MPSET, etc.), GATE, CUET, Olympiads etc.: Philosphy MCQs (Practice_Test 39 of 90)

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  1. The theory of conduct that bases the rightness of an act not entirely upon consequences is called
    1. Act-utilitarianism
    2. Rule-utilitarianism
    3. Relativism
    4. Deontological theory
  2. If an ethical theory denies that the ultimate criterion of what is morally right, obligatory etc. Is the non-moral value that is brought into being, then it is advocating
    1. Consequentialism
    2. Deontology
    3. Teleology
    4. Hedonism
  3. Consider the following argument: Pleasure and pleasure alone is desired as an end. Therefore, pleasure and pleasure alone is good as an end. According to G. E. Moore, which one of the following is correct regarding this argument?
    1. The argument is valid
    2. The argument commits naturalistic fallacy
    3. The argument commits fallacy of organic unities
    4. The argument is undecidable with respect to validity/invalidity
  4. An act is right if and only if it conforms to a set of rules, the general conformity to which would maximize utility. This principle is advocated by
    1. Primitive rule utilitarianism
    2. Actual rule utilitarianism
    3. Ideal rule utilarianism
    4. General utilitarianism
  5. According to Bentham and Mill, which one of the following principles of equality is embodies in the principle of utility?
    1. Basic capability of each person ought to be equal to another՚s
    2. Primary goal of each person must be equal to another՚s
    3. Each person՚s total happiness ought to be equal to another՚s
    4. Each person՚s happiness is supposed to be equal in degree and is counted for exactly as much as another՚s
  6. According to Bentham, which one of the following is the correct list of all the dimensions of pleasure, which must be taken into account in calculating utility?
    1. Intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, proximity, purity and extent
    2. Intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, proximity, purity and extent
    3. Intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, fecundity, fertility and extent
    4. Intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, fecundity, purity and extent
  7. ‘Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters pain and pleasure.’ This statement is made by Bentham. In this statement, Bentham is advocating the principle of
    1. ethical headonism
    2. psychological hedonism
    3. utilitarianism
    4. ascerticism
  8. According to Mill, under which one of the following conditions, one pleasure is qualitatively better than another?
    1. If it is preferred by those who have experience of both
    2. If it is mental while the other is physical
    3. If it requires refined taste while the other requires crude sensibility
    4. If it is variegated and complex while the other is simple
  9. According to Kant, we ought to treat humanity
    1. Always only as an end
    2. Sometimes as an end
    3. Always only as a means
    4. Never only as a means
  10. For Kant, the notion of ‘ought’ is applicable to:
    1. Animals
    2. Fully rational creatures
    3. ‘A Holy will’
    4. Man who is rational and yet has inclinations
  11. According to Kant, abstract from the personal differences and the content of personal differences is required in the categorical imperative in the context of the formula of
    1. Universal law
    2. Universal law of nature
    3. End in itself
    4. Kingdom of ends
  12. What is true of Spinoza՚s parallelism?
    1. It explains the mental by the physical
    2. It explains the physical by the mental
    3. It is double aspect theory accepting both the mental and physical realms as manifestations of the same substance
    4. It accepts the mental and the physical as two stages of evolution
  13. If a person is accused of having done something then he gives excuses to deny
    1. freedom of the will
    2. responsibility of the action
    3. both freedom of will and responsibility of action
    4. neither freedom of will nor responsibility of the action
  14. If a believer in free will attributes an action X to a person P, then which of the following propositions is/are believed by him?
    1. P could have acted otherwise than doing X.
    2. P is responsible for consequences of X.
    3. P has power to do X.
    4. P has reason to do X.
    • Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
      1. 1,2, 3 and 4
      2. 1,2 and 3
      3. 1 and 2
      4. 1 only
  15. If a philosopher believes that ‘X is good’ means ‘X is conducive to pleasure’ then he is a
    1. Descriptivist
    2. Emotivist
    3. Intuitionist
    4. Perfectionist