NET, IAS, State-SET (KSET, WBSET, MPSET, etc.), GATE, CUET, Olympiads etc.: Revision Terminology Part 11

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Trees

  1. Crown shaped – Caudex – stem unbranched with a crown of leaf at top – Date palm, coconut
  2. Pyramid shaped – Excurrent – acropetral succession – pine deodar, cedxs.
  3. Dome shaped – Deliquescent – Mango, ficus, Dalbergia
  4. Culms – stem – long hollow unbranched – nodes & internodes clear – Bamboo

Life Span

  1. Annual – in 1 year – paddy, pea, sunflower, Cauliflower.
  2. Biennial – in 2 year – slow growth due to temperature – Radish, turnip, Carrot in India warmer so growth is fast behave as annuals.
  3. Perennial
  4. herb – banana, ginger, doab gross.
  5. Shrub – Rose, Henna.
  6. Trees – ficus, sequoia
  7. Monocarpic – flower once in life – Bamboo, Agave.
  8. Polycarpic – Repeated flowering – Mongo, Eucalyptus, Acacia
  9. Roots – Anchorage & absorption, (absent in hydrilla, Certaphyllerm) .
  10. Root Cap – Pandanus (from root apex) .
  11. Root pocket – Hydrophytes – pistia, Eicchornia, Lemna (not Regenerated)
  12. Aquatic – root hair absent in mycorrhiza & Parasitic roots.
  13. Climbing plant β‡Ύ Epiphytic life – philo Dendron, Monostera (pseudo epiphyte)
  14. Roots of amphibious plant (rice) release O2 & Oxidize environment.
  15. Stem β‡Ύ root (hard like thorn) = Pothos = root thorns
  16. Leaf β‡Ύ root (adventitious) – Bryophyllum, Begonia – leaf roots.

Tap Root

  1. Fusiform – Radish
  2. Napiform – Turnip
  3. Conical – Carrot
  4. Tuberous – 4 0 Clock plant

Branch Root – Pneumatophores – Avicenna, Rhizophora Adventitious Root

  1. Tuberous – sweet potato
  2. Fasiculated – Dahlia, Asparagus
  3. Palmate – Orchis.
  4. Nodulose – mango ginger, arrow root
  5. Beaded βŸ‹ Moniliform – Bitter gourd, Indian spinach
  6. Annulated – Cephaleis, Psychortia.

Adventitious Roots

  1. Prop root – support – Banyan.
  2. Stilt root – pandanus, maize, Sugar cane, pennisetum, Sorghum
  3. Buttress root – Ficus religiosa (peepal) , Bombax
  4. Climbing root – money plant (pothos) , betel, black pepper
  5. Clinging root – orchids, ivy.
  6. Haptna – podostemon
  7. Contractile root – Circus, onion, canne
  8. Nest roots – Dischidia refflesiana (root climber) – leaf β‡Ύ pitcher to collect hummers
  9. Haustoria – Sucking root – Dodder (cuscuta)
  10. (10) Floating roots – Jussiea repens.
  11. Epiphytic roots – velamen – orchids, vanda.
  12. Assimilatory roots – Tinospora, Trapa.
  13. Reproductive roots – sweet potato (trichosanthes dioica)
  14. Non epiphytic (Geophytic) plant – Sobrelia , phyajas – velamen roots.
  15. Myremecophily – Association of plant & ants – myremecophily achivata (rubiaceae)
  16. Twiners (dir – Specific & genetically determined) (1) Dextrose – Clockwise – Discorea Hop
  17. Sinistrose – anticlockwise – Bean, Clitoria, Convolvulus.
  18. Shrubs Climbers – Climb by hooks – Stragglers – Bougainvillea, Artabtrys.
  19. Large woody climber – Climb to treetop – lianas – Hystage, Gnetum, Ventilago, bauhinia vagii.
    Illustration: Adventitious Roots
  20. Rafflesia – Seeds dispersed elephant pollination Occurs by mites.