Solar Energy: Principles of Solar Thermal Technology and Working Principle of Solar Collector
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Principles of Solar Thermal Technology
- Radiation: Infrared rays of longer wavelength are transmitted through thermal agitation of composing molecules
- Conduction: Transfer of heat between two surfaces which are in direct contact with each other.
- Convection: Heat transfer occurring in between two mediums.
Working Principle of Solar Collector
- The solar energy passes through a glazed glass layer in a solar collector and is absorbed.
- Reflectors/absorbers: aluminium or glass reflectors are the major types of reflectors used in solar collectors. The reflectivity of these collectors needs to be the highest as much as possible.
- Receivers: these are used to collect the concentrated energy from the sun.
- Concentration ratio (c. R.) Gives the strength of system for conversion with higher energy possibilities.
Principle of Energy Generation by Solar Photovoltaic
- Photovoltaic effect is the principle over which solar photovoltaic works
- Phenomenon where illumination of light of specific wavelength which produces electromotive force in the non-homogeneous material
Factors affecting electricity generation in solar PV cells
- Temperature
- Light (photon) incident upon it
Solar Pond
Two categories of solar ponds are
Non-Convecting Ponds
- Salt-gradient pond- Body of saline where the concentration increases with depth, from a very low value at the surface to near saturation at the bottom.
- Membrane pond- Inhibits convection by physically separating the layers with thin transparent membranes.
Convecting Ponds
- Evaporative losses occur because of presence of cover over the pondีs surface
- Shallow solar pond where evaporation is hindered but convection is allowed
Principle of Non-Convective Solar Pond
- Collection and storage
- Extraction of thermal energy
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Transfer of heat between two surfaces which are in direct contact with each other is known as
- Radiation
- Conduction
- Convection
- Advection
Answer: b
2. In solar photovoltaics, junction voltage decreases with
- Increase of temperature
- Decrease of temperature
- No change of temperature
- None of the above
Answer: a
3. In solar pond, the salinity is higher at
- Upper convective zone
- Middle convective zone
- Lower convective zone
- None of the above
Answer: c
4. Which among the following helps in concentrating solar energy in solar collectors?
- Reflectors
- Absorbers
- Receivers
- Both a and b
Answer: c
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โ Mayank