Climate Change Impact on Water Cycle (April 2025)

Recent studies suggest that climate change will disrupt the water cycle in the southern Western Ghats and the adjacent coastal areas of India. Researchers forecast a significant increase in rainfall and extreme weather events as temperatures rise. This research highlights the urgent need for adaptation strategies to reduce the effects on agriculture, hydropower, and local communities՚ livelihoods.

The study predicts that for every 1°C increase in temperature, annual rainfall could rise by 20% . Extreme rainfall events may also increase by 16% . By the end of the century, total annual rainfall could grow by 250 to 400 mm in moderate climate scenarios and by 200 to 670 mm in high-emission scenarios.

Illustration: Title: Climate Change Impact on Water Cycle (Environment, Newspaper Editorials)

Strengthened Hydrological Cycle

  • The hydrological cycle in the region is predicted to become more intense, especially during the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM).
  • Using advanced climate models, researchers simulated future climate and water patterns revealing that watershed areas would face wetter ISM seasons and drier pre-monsoon periods.
  • This change increases the risk of floods, landslides and droughts.

Projected temperature

  • The projected temperature increases are concerning, with maximum temperatures potentially rising by 1.7°C to 3.2°C and minimum temperatures by 1.9°C to 3.6°C.
  • These changes pose a threat to agricultural productivity and local ecosystems.
  • Adopting sustainable practices is crucial to adjust to these emerging challenges.

Necessity for Adaptation Strategies

  • The study highlights the need for tailored adaptation strategies for the region.
  • Enhanced short-term water storage systems and comprehensive water management plans are essential.
  • These actions aim to protect agriculture and hydropower production, safeguarding the livelihoods of local communities.

Study Overview

  • This study was carried out by a team led by Jobin Thomas at the University of Mississippi.
  • It was published in the Journal of Environmental Management and received funding from the Department of Science and Technology.
  • The research seeks to offer crucial insights into the future hydrological responses to climate change.

Jun 18, 2025

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