Expected Questions on Bills, Acts, Policies - 2018 (Part - 1) (Download PDF)
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DOKLAM Pact. BRICS Summit. MoU between various nations. UAE became first country. which will participate in India’s Strategic Petroleum Reserves Program – Zakum. Nagoya Protocol. “Shared Future in a Fractured World” in Davos Summit 2018.
Expected Questions on Bills, Acts, Policies 2018 (In English)
Dr. Manishika Jain discusses Expected Questions on major Bills, Acts, Policies
- Australia Group & Wassenaar Arrangement
Wassenaar Arrangement, NPT, CTBT
Dr. Manishika Jain explains Wassenaar Arrangement, NPT, CTBT and 4 nuclear suppliers group
- United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) Resolved to Reject US Declaration of Jerusalem as Israel’s Capital
- Incheon Strategy
- Chennai is Included in UNESCO Creative Cities Network
- Chabbar Port
- Panchsheel Agreement
- Latvia is First Baltic Sea Nation to Join with China’s OBOR
- US Navy Tests World’s First Laser Weapons System (LaWS)
- Vivid Sydney Gets Place in Guinness World Records of Maximum Number Light Installations
- Important Index – Livability Index, LEADS Index, Legatum Prosperity Index, Global Manufacturing Index
- COMMIT (Comprehensive Online Modified Modules on Induction Training) – improve public delivery mechanism
- Council for Advancement of People’s Action and Rural Technology (CAPART)
- Gorkhaland Issue
Section 124-A – Sedition Charges
- Article 35A of the Indian Constitution empowers J&K state’s legislature to define permanent residents of the state
Section 498 A
- Karnataka government and Goa government are fighting on sharing of waters of Mahadayi River
- Social audit is a way of measuring, understanding, reporting and ultimately improving an organization’s social and ethical performance
- 360 degree rating system
PENCIL: Platform for Effective Enforcement for No Child Labour
- Red Corridor is the region in the eastern, central and the southern parts of India that experience considerable Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
- Sarkaria Commission
- Chakma & Hajong Refugees
- Triple Talaq
Rohingyas -
Rohingya Crisis & State of Stateless People
Dr. Manishika Jain explains Rohingya Crisis & State of Stateless People
Policies
State Climate Change Policy
State cabinet given its approval to the state’s climate change adaptation policy.
Policy focuses on developing the environment friendly villages and cities in the state.
There will be a separate cell to oversee the implementation of the policy.
State government given the task of preparing the action plan to The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI).
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Action plan focuses on:
health issues
mangrove conservation
providing basic infrastructure for the fishing business
National Civil Aviation Policy, 2016
Released by Ministry of Civil Aviation in New Delhi.
Since independence, first time this policy brought out by the Ministry.
Very comprehensive, covering 22 areas of the Civil Aviation sector.
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Policy aims:
To take flying to the masses by making it affordable and convenient.
Establish an integrated ecosystem
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Silent Features:
Regional connectivity Scheme
Route Dispersal Guidelines (RDG)
Bilateral Traffic Rights
Ground Handling Policy
Airport PPP/AAI
Aviation security, Immigration and Customs
Helicopters and Charters
Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO)
Aviation Education and Skill Building
Defence Blacklisting Policy
Currently, in the process of framing a new blacklisting policy.
At present, 15 entities including 6 foreign firms are blacklisted by the Ministry.
While, 23 others are under the scanner.
Used by the previous UPA government.
Led to shortages of ammunition and artillery guns and hampered the acquisition process.
New norms are expected to be a mixture of heavy fines, graded blacklisting and other penalties.
Policy cannot be in contravention to the laws of India.
Defence Procurement Policy (DPP), 2016
First one unveiled in 2002.
DPP 2016 will replace the Defense Procurement Procedure (DPP) 2013.
Come into force on 1st April 2016.
Policy framed based on the recommendations of the Dhirendra Singh Committee.
To ensure timely procurement of defense (military) equipment, systems.
Boosts India’s target of ‘Make in India’ policy.
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Capital Acquisitions Schemes broadly classified into 3 categories:
Buy scheme
Buy and Make scheme
Make category scheme
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Aim:
To ensure timely procurement of defense (military) equipment, systems, and platforms required by the armed forces.
Optimum utilization of allocated budgetary resources.
Draft National Energy Policy
Coal Ministry opposes NITI Aayog’s Draft Energy Policy.
This policy will replace the Integrated Energy Policy of the previous government.
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Policy’s focus:
Clean energy resources such as solar and natural gas.
To improve the quality of air
To provide oil and gas mapping
Government targets to provide electricity to all Indians by 2022.
Ministry of Coal raised reservations over the draft National Energy Policy.
Draft National Wind Solar Hybrid Policy
Ambitious target of reaching 175 GW of installed capacity from renewable energysources.
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It’s including:
100 GW from solar
60 GW from wind
Goal: To reach wind - Solar hybrid capacity of 10GW by 2022.
Solar and winds are almost complementary to each other.
Hybridization of two technologies would help in minimizing the variability.
Optimal and efficient utilization of transmission infrastructure.
Better grid stability by reducing the variability.
What is the strategy implementation?
Wind - Solar Hybrid - AC integration
Wind - Solar Hybrid - DC integration
Hybridization of existing wind/solar PV plants
New Wind - Solar Hybrid Plants
Regulatory Interventions
Incentives; R&D
Draft Women Policy
Last national policy on women was National Policy for Empowerment of Women, formulated in 2001.
Recipients of welfare benefits to mainstreaming gender concerns.
Aim: To create sustainable socio - economic, political empowerment of women.
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Priority Areas:
Health including food security and nutrition
Education
Economy
Governance and decision making
Violence against women
Enabling environment
Environment and Climate change
Draft National Health Policy, 2015
National Health Policy, 2015 India’s third (draft) National Health Policy.
National Health policies (1983 and 2002) served in guiding approach for health sector in 5 year plans and for different schemes.
Addresses the urgent need to improve the performance of health systems.
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Key policy principles:
Equity
Universality
Patient Centered & Quality of Care
Inclusive Partnership
Pluralism
Subsidiarity
Accountability
Professionalism, Integrity and Ethics
Learning and Adaptive system
Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing Policy (HELP)
New Exploration Licensing Policy (NELP) formed in 1997 - 98.
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Problem with NELP:
There are separate policies and licenses for different hydrocarbons.
Unconventional hydrocarbons (shale gas and oil) were unknown when NELP was framed.
Fixed pricing of gas led to loss of revenue and large number of disputes.
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Policy is formulated to replace NELP and objectives of HELP:
To enhance domestic oil and gas production
Bring substantial investment
Generate sizable employment
Enhance Transparency
Reduce administration discretion
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Four main aspects of this policy:
Uniform License
Open acreage policy
Revenue sharing model
Marketing and pricing freedom
IPR Policy 2016
Now, India becomes a major source of R&D service imports to the US economy and American MNCs.
Conducted survey considered India as the preferred location for R&D processes.
Seven objectives of policy can broadly be divided into three categories, those dealing with
Popularization and strengthening the administrative machinery for dealing with IPR issues (objectives 1, 4 and 7).
Generation and commercialization of IPRs (objectives 2 and 5).
Legal aspects, enforcement, and adjudication (objectives 3 and 6).
FDI Policy
Ex-post-facto approval for FDI policy amendments announced by the Government on 20th June, 2016.
FDI policy amendments are meant to liberalize and simplify the FDI policy.
Measures undertaken by Government have resulted in increased FDI inflows at US $55.46 billion in 2015 – 16.
As against US $36.04 billion during 2013 - 14.
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Objective of providing major impetus to employment and job creation in India these changes were made.
Food Products
Defense Sector
Broadcasting Carriage Services
Pharmaceutical
Civil Aviation Sector
Private Security agencies
Animal Husbandry
Model Bilateral Investment Treaty
BIT is a treaty between two countries.
That sets out to provide certain basic protections to the investors of one state investing in another.
For instance, most such treaties provide investors a guarantee of “fair and equitable treatment”.
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Other protections include:
rights against “expropriation”
both direct and indirect, of an investors’ investment
Most Favoured Nation (MFN) provision
Model BIT has very limited legal value.
Most of India’s existing BITs, signed with more than 70 countries, based on 2003 model.
Draft Guidelines for Safe Handling of Nano Materials
A task force of eminent expert under Nano Mission by the Department of Science and Technology has come out this draft guideline.
Involving the control of matter at Nano scale, Nano materials.
Characterized by small dimensions, large surface area and high reactivity.
Dangerous for human health and environmental safety with considerable scientific uncertainty regarding risks.
Guidelines:
Standard operating procedure (SOP) for handling nano materials in research laboratories and industries.
These lay down the process for identifying hazards.
Guidelines also lay down another set of best practices to the making and handling of nano powders and use of products relating to food and healthcare.
Precautionary approach.
Address the potential exposure pathways and concomitant safety measures to mitigate the same.
Address the potential exposure pathways and necessary safety measures to mitigate the same.
National Capital Goods Policy, 2016
Aim: Create game changing strategies for the capital goods sector.
Key recommendations and elements of the policy formulated to support and boost development of this crucial sector.
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Policy finalized after extensive stakeholder consultations with:
industry
academia
different ministries etc.
Help in realising vision of ’Building India as the World class hub for Capital Good’s.
Play a pivotal role in overall manufacturing as the pillar of strength to the vision of ‘Make in India’.
Advocates adoption of a uniform Goods and Services Tax (GST).
National Drug Policy – A Comprehensive Approach
Government is planning a major service of the country’s drug policy.
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That includes:
Reducing number of drugs under price control.
Doing away with the practice of periodic renewal of manufacturing licenses.
Making it easy to do medical and drug research in India.
Complex system administered by a maze of entities.
Factors to be considered when developing a pricing framework:
Must recognize medicines as an economic investment in health.
Drug discovery is a lengthy process.
Innovators need the assurance that research will be rewarded.
Partnering with Pharmaceutical companies: To revive the Jan Aushadhi program and help deliver high - quality generic medicines at affordable prices to all.
National Mineral Exploration Policy (NMEP) 2016
NMEP 2016 (Non - fuel and non - coal minerals).
Aims: At accelerating the exploration activity in India through increased participation of private sector.
Need for comprehensive mineral exploration of India to uncover its full mineral potential.
Through, that country can maximize sectoral contribution to the Indian economy.
Impact of NMEP:
To boost private investment & FDI in the country’s mineral exploration sector.
Attracting both domestic and foreign mining companies in exploration jobs.
Poised to break the monopoly of the state - owned enterprises.
Facilitate dissemination of information in mineral data.
Participate in the country’s development process.
Provide useful interpretation of the geoscience data and could spur.
New Educational Policy
Brought out by the Ministry of Human Resource Development.
New NEP comes after a gap of 30 years.
Last one, announced in 1986, was later revised in 1992.
Respond to ever changing requirements of a globalizing, knowledge based society.
Participate in the country’s development process.
Vision recognizes central role of education in India’s economic, social, political and cultural development.
Inclusive quality education and lifelong learning opportunities for all.
Develop responsible citizens who respect the Indian tradition of acceptance of diversity of India’s heritage.
Aim of the new policy: To meet the changing dynamics of the population’s requirement with regards to quality education, innovation and research.
Start Up India Policy
- Start Up means “Working towards innovation, development, deployment or commercialization of new products, processes or services driven by technology or intellectual property”.
- Start - up India is a flagship initiative of the Government of India.
Objective:
To give impetus to innovation
Encourage the talent among young people.
Remove onerous government regulations and red tape.
Key Features:
Self - certification start – ups
Start - up India hub (SIH)
Single Window Platform
Mobile App
Patent protection
Fund of Funds
Exemption of Capital Gains Tax
Credit Guarantee Fund for Start-ups
Tax Exemptions
Incubator set up by PPP
Rebate on filing of application
Atal Innovation Mission
National Initiative for Developing and Harnessing Innovations
Start-up Fest
Faster exit
Urban Transportation Policy
Urban Transportation Policy
Dr. Manishika Jain explains Urban Transportation Policy along with land value capture and national Transit Oriented Development Policy
Issues in Urban Mobility:
Every 3rd person living in urban areas
90 % global population growth occurs in cities
Urban sector share of GDP to increase from 66 % to 75 % in 2031
Urban transport account for 25 % GGHG emissions worldwide
Traffic congestion & productivity cost for consumers is major issue
Work trips account for 30 % transport
Share of public transport in 2011 was 30% & is reducing to 22 % by 2021
Informal operators like private minibus and microbus services – unsafe
Solutions:
Metro rail as alternative
Non-motorized means of communication – walking and bicycle – also bring lifestyle changes
Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS)
Provides inclusive access to low income groups
Reduce negative externalities of pollution – car pooling
Clean fuels
PPP model - Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro, Singapore, Hong Kong, and London
Last mile connectivity
Integrated Land use & Transport Planning
Intermodal Integration
Land Value Capture policy
Land Value Capture Policy
Private land and buildings benefit from public investments in infrastructure and policy decisions of Governments.
Cycle in which value is created, realized and captured, and used again for project investment
Aims to enlighten states and UTs at local level – financial strength
Adopt Value Capture Finance (VCF) mechanisms – deliver fiscal autonomy and quality infrastructure.
National Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Policy
Integrates land use and transport with walkable communes & green spaces.
High density mixed land use development in the influence zone of transit stations.
Pedestrian trips to access various facilities.
Increases accessibility of the transit stations by creating pedestrian and Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) friendly infrastructure.
Promote public transport.
Reduction in the private vehicle ownership, traffic and associated parking demand.
Integrate the Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) and affordable housing in the influence zone
Safety of women, children, senior citizen, and differently abled by amending byelaws.
Prevent urban sprawl
Reduce carbon footprints

Image of Policies
Image of Policies
Rule’s
Bio Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016
New Bio - medical Waste (BMW) Management Rules released on March 2016 by Environment ministry.
It will bring in more comprehensive regime for bio waste management.
Aims: To improve the collection, segregation, processing, treatment and disposal of bio - medical wastes in an environmentally sustainable manner.
Features of BMW Management Rules, 2016:
Expansion of ambit
Phasing out chlorinated materials
Pre – treatment
Immunising health care worker
Bar - code for proper control
Reduction in categorization
Standards for incinerator
Common bio - medical waste treatment
E - Waste (Management) Rules, 2016
Inclusion of Manufacturer to address leakage of e - waste to informal sector at all the stages of channelization.
Inclusion of components
Inclusion of Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL)
Collection mechanism approach
Producer Responsibility Organization (PRO)
Pan India EPR
Collection and channelization of e - waste in Extended Producer Responsibility
No separate authorization
Deposit Refund Scheme
e - waste exchange
Manufacturer Responsibility
Bulk Consumer
Responsibility of State Government
Reduction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) during manufacturing Stage
The transportation of e-waste
Liability provision
Responsibility of ULBs - Urban Local Bodies (Municipal Committee/Council/Corporation)
Government Notifies Real Estate Rules
Government notified the final rules to implement the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA).
Aims:
To bring transparency and set accountability in the sector.
Help in completion of stalled projects.
Expected Questions on Bills, Acts, Policies 2018 (In Hindi)
Dr. Manishika Jain discusses Expected Questions on major Bills, Acts, Policies
👌 implies important for Objective Questions/MCQ
📝 implies important for Subjective Questions
📹 implies covered in Videos or Upcoming Videos
- Published/Last Modified on: June 1, 2018
-Examrace Team