Yojana October 2017 Comprehensive Summary ⟋ Gist: New India

New India by 2022: ODF India by 2019 (2 Oct) - 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. Open defecation causes 1 lakh deaths every year due to diahhorea. 40% stunted child due to lack of sanitation & cost 6% of GDP. Under Swachh Bharat Mission - Sanitation cover increase from 39% to 68% . ODF - 5 states - Sikkim, HP, Kerala, Haryana & Uttarakhand - 230 million people, 193 districts and 235,000 villages - build infrastructure and change habits. Shift from output (no. of toilets) to outcome (ODF villages)

New India: Yojana October 2017 Summary (In English)
New India by 2022

Clean India

  • Awarded Swachhta Champions (10 women & 6000 women sarpanch) on International Women Day
  • Janandolan - Swachhhta hi Seva (Cleanliness is Service) - mobilize people for shramdaan for cleanliness
  • 2 Oct as Swachh Bharat Diwas (Clean India Day)
  • Amitabh Bachhan՚s - “Darwaza Bandh” campaign on TV
  • Akshay Kumar՚s - Toilet-Ek Prem Katha
  • ODF += ODF + SLRM (Solid and Liquid Resource Management)
  • SIP and SAP launched - Swachh Iconic Places and Swachh Action Plans - identify sites by various departments
  • Swachhaton - Swachh Bharat Hackathon - innovative technology based solutions - frugal toilet technology designs for difficult terrains, low cost solutions, and safe disposal
  • Organize film, essay and painting competition for the same

Opportunities for Rural India

  • 8.85 crore households are deprived
  • 69% rural households with 1 hectare or less land or are landless
  • Work on health, education, skills and nutrition
  • Provide food security, electricity, connectivity, waste management
  • Mission Antyodaya - address multi-dimensional poverty
  • 70,000 crore as bank loans by SHGs in 2015 - 17
  • Subsidy to make wheat and rice available to all
  • PM Awaas Yojana - Gramin - 1 crore homes for rural poor
  • 60% expenditure on agricultural activities
  • MGNREGS - highest employment in 5 years of 235 crore person days⟋year - highest expenditure under this scheme for goat, poultry, dairy etc.
  • Citizen engagement - special Panchayat facilitation team, Meri Sadak App for feedback on roads, Awaas App for uploading pictures of PMAY Gramin houses, develop cadre of social auditors
  • Transparency by Aadhar, IT and DBT - 98% wages under MGNREGS and 100% payment under PMAY Gramin under IT⟋DBT
  • Space technology- 100% tagging of beneficiaries under PMAY Gramin
  • Bank loans for SHG women -
  • Speed up connectivity - Sadak Yojana from 70 km⟋day to 130 km⟋day - use of green technology, fly ash, cell-filled concrete and cold mix
  • Skill upgradation - custom hiring centers, handicrafts and handlooms
  • Promote innovation for transformation - Solid resource management in 80% villages of Tamil Nadu, Liquid resource management in AP, Maharashtra and Telangana
  • Promote innovation for transformation
  • Evidence based monitoring

Casteism Free India

  • Has roots 2000 years old - Varna system
  • Information about caste gathered from 1st decennial census in 1871 during British Period - divide and rule policy
  • After 1947, caste group became identity conscious and organized - it determines the content and direction of political socialization, mobilization and institutionalization
  • Casteism - tendency of the caste group to maximize economic, social and political advantage for its group members and maintain blind loyalty in one՚s caste
  • Influence elections, pressure groups, violent protests and quotas
  • Steps to reduce casteism - education, reduce socio-economic inequalities, create awareness and mobilize voters, role of Election Commission in removing electoral politics, political will and consciousness

Farmer՚s Welfare

  • Double income by 2022
  • 55% workforce contribute to 14% GDP
  • Highest ever production in 2016 - 17 - 274 million tons due to diligent farmers, innovative scientists, extension personnel and stakeholders
  • Area under drip irrigation increased from 4.25% in 2014 - 15 to 8.39% in 2016 - 17
  • India will need cumulative private and public investment of 1.48 trillion
  • Soil health cards for balanced use of fertilizers and enhance productivity
  • Cropping intensity increased by 1 million hectare per year by using rice fallow areas
  • Set up 5 lakh MT cold storage, 1000 pack houses and 150 ripening chambers for post-harvest management
  • Milk procurement infrastructure strengthened from 16,000 to 50,000 villages by March, 2018
  • Create National Livestock Development Agency
  • R&D in genomics and bio-fortification
  • Development of thermos-tolerant vaccines for animals
  • Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana to expand organic farming - 9,100 clusters have been formed so far - each farmer get ₹ 50,000 financial assistance & area increased by 17% during 2014 - 17 as compared to 2011 - 14
  • PM Fasal Bima Yojana - insurance umbrella to all foodgrains and commercial crops on one season and one rate basis - covers 5.75 crore farmers
  • e-NAM - address issues by integrating 410 mandis of 13 states with 69 commodities and 45 lakh framers - 13.1% rise in crop price translates to 9.1% increase in farmer՚s income
  • Precision farming, integrated farming, resource conservation strategies and protected cultivation, diversification of high value crops
  • Ministry of Agriculture is now Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (since 2015)

Triple Talaq Verdict

Triple Talaq Verdict
  • Divorce by uttering the word talaq thrice
  • Decision taken in case of 1986 Shah Bano case
  • 3 of 5 bench members - Justice Kurian Jospeh, RF Nariman and UU Lalit held it as unconstitutional while Justice JS Khehar and S Abdul Nazeer believed that it was part of Muslim personal law and court could not interfere
  • 3 judges said it was violation of Article 14 (right to equality)
  • Court asked parliament to frame a law in 6 months
  • Islam was not violated when all Muslim nations terminated Triple Talaq, why would it be affected in India
  • There is no such provision for talaq in Quran or Hadees
  • Allah disliked talaq. Neither Rasool nor Nabi divorced their wives
  • 92.1% of Muslim wanted this to happen

Innovation Led Reforms

  • Every citizen has something or other to contribute to nation՚s growth
  • Champions of Change - bring entrepreneurs from varied industries in direct dialogue with government and have a 360 degree view
  • Remove 1200 odd laws which were ineffective but existed
  • Increase reach of financial sector to rural poor - Jan Dhan Yojana
  • Transparent growth through Government e-marketplace
  • Cultivate 1 million children and youth as innovators of tomorrow
  • Atal Innovation Mission - how to think and what to think - critical thinking, sense of safety and ability to think calmly in all situations
  • Nurture big ideas of small minds - Chhattisgarh students taught about mine detection device with sound technology controlled by Bluetooth which is much faster than existing system
  • Fool-proof method for visually impaired people to check accidents - Uttarahalli, Bengaluru students developed wearable device for blind which can detect obstacles by ultrasonic waves
  • Address problem of bulky fire extinguishers on narrow roads - low cost and effective scalable solutions
  • Maligoan, Assam students developed smart system to detect water levels and alert commuters by mobile phones, device to detect location of panthers
  • Make students think out of the box - Dr. Kalam - one must have great aims in life as aiming low is a crime
  • Develop STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths)
  • Foster curiosity, creativity and imagination in young minds
  • ATL in 33 states with 941 schools covering 55% districts and expand it to 1300 more ATLs

Zero Tolerance to Corruption

  • Aim of minimum government and maximum governance approach
  • Abolition of attestation by government servants
  • Abolition of personal interview for recruitments
  • Weeding out inefficient public servants
  • Demonetize high denomination currency
  • Conduct online auction of coal blocks
  • End tax havens in Europe and other nations
  • Some efforts - Prevention of Corruption Act, independent CVC, Lokpal and LokAyukta Act, 2013, Whistle Blowers Protection Act 2011, Prevention of Money Laundering Act and Benami Transaction Act
  • DBT by Aadhaar - 82.9% DBT beneficiaries seeded with Aadhaar, ₹ 68,815 crore funds transferred unsing Aadhaar and helps to remove fake or duplicate beneficiaries
  • Transparent Government - Bhim App, Jan Dhan Yojana and Aadhaar - clearance using IMPS, NEFT < RTGS and ECS (Electronic Clearing System)
  • Santhanam Committee - 4 major causes of corruption
    1. Administrative delays
    2. Government taking upon themselves more than what they could manage
    3. Cumbersome procedures
    4. Scope for personal discretion in exercise of powers by different public servants
  • CVC aims to promote ethics by education to youth, observance of vigilance awareness weeks, simplification to reduce discretion, focus on training and skill development
  • Strengthen audit and accounting - merger of rail budget and general budget, merger of plan and non-plan expenditure, open FDI and introduction of GST
  • LokPal and LokAyukta Act 2013: CVC is empowered to conduct primary enquiry into complaints referred by Lokpal for Group B, C and D officers. For Group A officers, Directorate of Inquiry will be set up in Commission
  • Whistle Blowers Protection Bill - came in 2014 and had 21 amendments in 2015. To incorporate provisions aimed at strengthening safeguards against disclosures which affect sovereignty and integrity of state
  • Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Ameded Act, 2016 - came in effect from 1 Nov, 2016 - empowers Income Tax authorities to attach benami properties which can eventually be confiscated - if found culprit, rigorous imprisonment of 1 - 7 years and fine of 25% of fair market value

Energize Youth by Skill Development

  • Indian economy is one of the largest in world with average GDP growth rate of 7% in last 20 years
  • It is now a newly industrialized economy in developing countries
  • 50% labor workforce is self-employed
  • Working age population would be 170 million by 2020
  • Skill deficit - lack of quality education, scarcity of employment, absence of funds, high drop outs in schools
  • Address demand supply mismatch, scalability and sustainability of training programs, provide facilities and infrastructure, synergize efforts
  • Open PM Kaushal Vikas Kendras for gainful employment, assess recognition of Prior Learning, and implement schemes by National Skill Development Corporation
  • More than 1.5 million schools and 315 million students - India has largest school education system in the world
  • Develop soft skills training for entrepreneurs
  • Gender focus, develop marginalized communities, training programs, match international standards, online assessment and evaluation, support of knowledge partners, fund linked training

Role of Women in New India

  • Doubling farmer income
  • Housing for all
  • Women empowerment
    1. All women are equal (Article 14)
    2. No discrimination by State (Article 15)
    3. Equality of opportunity (Article 16)
    4. Equal pay for equal work (Article 39 d)
    5. Renounce practice derogatory to dignity of women (Article 51 A e)
  • Just and humane condition for maternity and work (Article 42)
  • Ministry of Women and Child Development carved from MHRD in 2006 - allotted ₹ 22,095 crore for Budget 2017 - 18
  • National Commission for Women - 1992 as apex body for safeguarding women rights
  • India female work participation is 25.5% and lower than Somalia (37%)
  • Spending on women in budget increased from ₹ 28,737 crore in 2006 to ₹ 90,624 crore in 2016 - 17 as gender responsive budget

Some Schemes

  • Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
  • UJJAWALA - scheme for prevention of trafficking
  • SWADHAR Greh - Scheme for Women in difficult circumstances
  • Rajiv Gandhi National Creche Scheme for Children of working mothers
  • STEP - Support to training and employment program for women
  • Gender Budget Initiatives - 2 types of government schemes with 100% provision for women and scheme where allocation is atleast 30%
  • India՚s position in Global Gender Gap Index is 87 and in women health it is 142
  • Idea of gender budgeting
  • JL Nehru - You can tell the state of the nation by looking at the status of women

Bullet Train

  • Mumbai Ahmedabad High Speed Rail Project (MAHSR) - agreement between Make in India and Transfer of Technology under DIPP and JETRO (Japan External Trade Organization)
Map of Mumbai Ahmedabad High Speed Rail Project
  • Japan will provide soft loan of ₹ 88,000 crore at 0.1% interest rate for 81% cost and repayment will be 50 years. Repayment will begin 15 years after receiving the loan
  • Usually such loan even from World Bank would be at 5 - 7% with repayment of 25 - 35 years
  • Employment to 20,000 workers
  • Ballast less tracks and undersea tunnel
  • High Speed Rail Training Institute to be developed in Vadodara - functional by 2020 and 4,000 staff will be trained in next 3 years
  • 300 Indian Railway officials are being trained in Japan
  • Train delay record of less than 1 minute and zero fatality
    1. Reliable with high safety
    2. Operation safety in natural calamity like earthquakes
    3. Reach destination in 2 hours against 7 - 8 hours
  • Later on Delhi-Kolkata, Delhi-Mumbai, Mumbai-Chennai, Delhi-Chandigarh, Mumbai-Nagpur and Delhi-Nagpur
New India: Yojana October 2017 Summary (In Hindi)

Examrace Team at Sep 7, 2021