Model Paper (GATE -2021) : C4, Humanities and Social Sciences - Philosophy

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Q1. to Q20. are MCQ where only one answer is correct. Each question carries one mark.

Q. 1 According to Carvaka, the elements (bhutas) are:

(a) Earth, Water, Fire and Air

(b) Earth, Water, Fire, Air and Ether

(c) Earth, Ether, Fire and Air

(d) Earth, Ether, Water and Fire

Q. 2 Jain Metaphysics of Anekantavada is:

(a) Realistic and absolute monism

(b) Idealistic and absolute monism

(c) Idealistic and relativistic pluralism

(d) Realistic and relativistic pluralism

Q. 3 According to the Bodhisattva ideal of Mahayana tradition, a Bodhisattva makes a vow and defers her⟋his final Nirvana in order to:

(a) Work for the liberation of every sentient being

(b) Avoid suffering in future life

(c) Enjoy life in the world here and now

(d) Attain prefect wisdom

Q. 4 According to Sankhya system, which of the following is true with respect to Purusa (consciousness or self)

(a) There is only one all-pervading Purusa.

(b) Buddhi and manas are in the Purusa

(c) The three gunas are in the Purusa

(d) There are many Purusas

Q. 5 The philosophy of Kasmira Saivism is:

(a) Realistic and atheistic

(b) Monistic and Idealistic

(c) Idealistic and theistic

(d) Realistic and theistic

Q. 6 The concluding verse in the second chapter of the Bhagavadgita explains the conception of ‘Brahmi-sthitih’ . What does it denote?

(a) Being in the highest state of Brahman

(b) The eternal existence of Brahman

(c) Brahman hood

(d) The reality of Brahman

Q. 7 Which among the following statements is true according to Visistadvaita:

(a) Cit (soult) , Acit (matter) and Isvara (GOd) are unreal, only Brahman is real

(b) Cit (souls) , Acit (matter) and Isvara (God) are real.

(c) Acit (matter) is unreal, but Isvara (God) and Cit (souls) are real.

(d) Cit (souls) and Acit (matter) are unreal, but Isvara (God) is real.

Q. 8 Which of the statements below best describes the attitude of the State towards poets, musician and their artworks in Plato՚s Republic?

(a) Poets and musicians must be banned

(b) Works of poets and musicians must be allowed only outside the city-gates.

(c) Musicians must be allowed but poets must be banned

(d) Poets and musicians must be allowed after due state censorship.

Q. 9 Which of the following is not true of monads in Leibniz՚s universe?

(a) Every monad perceives or represents and expresses the entire universe

(b) Each monad is windowless

(c) Order in the natural world corresponding to a hierarchy of monads

(d) All monads represent the universe in the same manner.

Q. 10 G. E. Moore contends that sense-data are:

(a) The objects of judgment

(b) The objects of direct perception

(c) The objects of inference

(d) Fundamental Assumptions

Q. 11 Which of the following is not help by Sartre in Being and Nothingness?

(a) Being as differentiated from beings

(b) Freedom as the first condition of action

(c) Bad faith as distinguished from falsehood

(d) Consciousness as the experience of nihilation of being.

Q.12 Which of the following according to Heidegger in Being and Time is not one of the three ways in which the everyday being of the falling of Dasein is manifested?

(a) Idle talk (Gerede)

(b) Ambiguity (Zweideutigkeit)

(c) Curiosity (Neugier)

(d) Anxiety (Angst)

Q. 13 According to the Logical Positivists, on what does the impossibility of metaphysics depend upon?

(a) The nature of what could be contemplated.

(b) The nature of what could be imagined

(c) The nature of what could be known.

(d) The nature of what could be said

Q. 14 According to Kant, in which of the following judgments do we seek to find unknown universals for given particulars?

(a) Determinative Judgment

(b) Moral Judgment

(c) Scientific Judgement

(d) Reflective judgment

Q. 15 Which of the following did Hegel mean by “Substance is subject” ?

(a) There is no difference between the substance and the subject

(b) There are psychophysical laws.

(c) Subject can be eliminated

(d) The substance negates itself

Q. 16 According to Nietzsche, ‘truth’ is

(a) Correspondence with reality

(b) An error⟋illusion

(c) Consensus

(d) Whatever works

Q. 17 Foucault analyzed ‘discourse,’ in term of its

(a) Meaning

(b) Truth

(c) Positivity

(d) Intention

Q. 18 In Mill՚s Utilitarianism, the statement that it is “better to be a Socrates dissatisfied that a fool satisfied” assumes that happiness is matter concemed;

(a) Not with the mere feeling of content.

(b) Not with rational deliberation at all

(c) Only with brute pleasure and desire

(d) Only with quantitative increase and decrease

Q. 19 Consider the proposition ‘No politicians are honest individuals.’ According to the concept of Opposition in syllogistic logic. The contradictory of this proposition is:

(a) Some politician are not honest individuals

(b) Some politicians are honest individuals

(c) All politicians are honest individuals

(d) None of these

Q.20 Which regards to the warning, ՚smoking causes lung cancer, which of the following statements correctly expresses causal reasoning?

(a) None of these

(b) Smoking is certainly not a sufficient condition for lung cancer.

(c) Smoking is certainly not a necessary condition for lung cancer

(d) Smoking is certainly a necessary condition for lung cancer

Q21. to 24. are MCQ type, where only one answer is correct. Each question carries two marks.

Q. 21In the vaccine trial for covis-19, a medical institute recruited 1000 people from the community, who had not been exposed to the virus. Half (500) of them received a single dose of the new vaccine. No case of covid-19 was reported among them even after a prolonged exposure to the virus.In contrast, 25 among the non-vaccinated recruits became infected with covid-19 soon after. Which of mill՚s methods is in use here in claiming the success of the vaccine?

(a) Method of agreement

(b) Joint method of agreement and difference

(c) Method of concomitant variations

(d) Method of difference

Q. 22 Happiness (eudaimonia) . As Aristotle sees it in Nicomachean Ethics (Book I) , is a state wherein:

(a) One is adequately endowed with external goods like beauty and wealth

(b) One experiences calmness and tranquility

(c) Human good is the activity of the soul in conformity with excellence⟋ virtue.

(d) One՚s soul is blessed and touched by the divine

Q. 23 In the syllogism below, which conclusion (s) follow (s) from the premises?

All students are men.

No men are beasts

Conclusion I: Therefore, no students are beasts.

Conclusion II. Therefore, no beasts are students.

(a) Neither conclusion I not II follows

(b) Both conclusions I and II follows

(c) Only conclusion II follows

(d) Only conclusion I follows

Q24. to Q40. are MSQ type, where one or more answers are correct. Each question carries Two marks.

Q. 24 Which among the following are associated with the philosophy of advaita Vedanta:

(a) Adhyasa, Jivanmukti, Videhamukti

(b) Jnana-karma-samuccaya, Bhakti and Prapatti

(c) Pratyksa, Anumana, Sabda, Upamana, Arthapatti and Anupalabdhi

(d) Adhyasa, Jivanmukti, Sadhana-catustaya

Q. 25 According to Vivekananda a ‘Universal Religion’ must satisfy the following conditions:

(a) Open its gate to every individual.

(b) Individualize religion and not base it on where one is born

(c) Appear satisfying and reasonable to every religious sect

(d) Must have a common religious rites and worship

Q. 26 Ambedkar՚s notion of “democracy” gives pre-eminence to՚social democracy. It means a way of life that recognizes as the principles of life:

(a) Liberty

(b) Cooperation

(c) Equality

(d) Fraternity

Q. 27 Which all the following are not true of Nyaya theory of knowledge?

(a) It accepts pratyaksa, anumana, sabda and upamana

(b) It accepts pratyaksa, anumana, sabda and arthapatti

(c) It accepts only pratyaksa and anumana

(d) It accepts only pratyaksa, anumana and sabda

Q. 28 In Mimamsa, according to Kumarila՚s theory of knowledge, the pramanas are:

(a) Upamana, Arthapatti and Anupalabdhi

(b) Pratyksa, Anumana, and Sabda

(c) Pratyksa, Anumana, and Upamama

(d) Pratyksa, Anumana, and Anupalabdhi

Q. 29 Which of the following did Spinoza mean by Natura naturans?

(a) Products of nature created by God

(b) What is and what is conceived through itself

(c) Self-creating nature

(d) Whatever follows from the necessity of God

Q. 30 Which of the following statements are true about Husserl՚s concept of phenomenology?

(a) It captures the phenomenon as it is stated by the scienses.

(b) It grasps what is essentially given

(c) Its ultimate focus is on pure consciousness

(d) It grasps the mental concepts

Q. 31 Which of the following is Descarte՚s argument that the idea of God is not materially false?

(a) The idea of God is not native to the mind

(b) Necessary existence must be excluded from idea of God.

(c) The idea of God is a supremely clear and distinct idea.

(d) No one can imagine that the idea of God represents nothing

Q. 32 In the Tractatus, Wittgenstein introduces his theory that a proposition is a picture and compares it with the nature of pictures in general. Which among the following statements are in accordance with his conception of the picture?

(a) A picture is identical with its structure.

(b) The structure of the picture is the connection of the elements in a picture

(c) The possibility of structure is its ‘pictorial form.’

(d) Every picture has a structure

Q. 33 John Rawls makes us to imagine a group of rational persons situated in an “original position” behind a “veil of ignorance” to ensure that:

(a) Arbitrary facts about individuals do not influence the agreement among them.

(b) Specific information about what society is like right now is screened out

(c) Parties are provided with all the facts even if they are irrelevant to the choice of principles of justice.

(d) These individuals are placed on an equal footing with one another

Q. 34 Which among the following statements can correctly following from Quine՚s “The Two Dogmas of Empiricism” ?

(a) Meaning must not be confused with references.

(b) No sharp distinction can be made between analytic truths and synthetic truths

(c) Truth of statements does depend upon language

(d) Truth of statements does not depend upon extralinguistic fact

Q. 35 Which among the following are not true of Hume՚s statements about matters of fact in the Enquiry?

(a) They are intuitively or demonstratively certain

(b) They are known by the mere operation of thought

(c) They are a priori

(d) Their truth⟋falsity is dependent on underlying evidence

Q. 36 According to Locke in an Essay Concerning Human Understanding, which of the following are an act of the mind in exerting its power over simple ideas?

(a) Relating two simple or complex ides without combining them.

(b) Combining several simple ideas into one compound idea

(c) Creating further simple ideas

(d) Separating or abstracting an idea from accompanying ideas

Q. 37 Which among the following are true of the relational ethic of Net noddings which is based on the moral preferability of care perspective:

(a) Do not judge the acts solely based on its conformity to rule or principle

(b) Prefers acts done out of love and natural inclination

(c) Only those acts performed out of duty or special obligation should be labelled moral.

(d) The needs of those one cares for in relational contexts matters the most.

Q. 38 In claiming that all life is individual; and there is no such thing as universal life.

Muhammad Iqbal deems՚self as the fundamental fact of the universe . Which among the following describes his conception of “self” ?

(a) It can only be conceived as a stream of consciousness.

(b) It is not a scholastic soul-substance.

(c) Self is not a thing, describable in terms of the morphology of stuff.

(d) Perception of once own self is internal and intimate

Q. 39 An existentialist would not emphasize on?

(a) The agonies of the individual.

(b) The nature of divine reality.

(c) The finiteness of man

(d) What is a priori in man

Q. 40 Which among the following correctly describes Kant՚s judgments beauty in his Critique of Judgment?

(a) Normativity is not a necessary condition of Aesthetic judgments

(b) Aesthetic judgments are purposive, but without any definite purpose

(c) Beauty is “relative” to individual judgment or preference

(d) Aesthetic judgments are disinterested