Grammar Translation Method: The Method, Main Objectives and Language Use
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Definition
GTM is a method of foreign or second language teaching which uses translation and grammar study as main teaching and learning activities.
History
- Oldest method
- Classical or traditional
- To teach Greek and Latin
The Method
- Before English, Latin and Greek were popular
- Scholars
- Karl Plotz
- Meidinger
- Ahn
- 18th century
Main Objectives
- Read literature in target language
- Translation
- Reading and writing skills
Language Use
- L1: Classroom instruction, teaching
- L2: Limited
Features
- Grammar rules are taught directly
- Translation of English into learner՚s mother tongue
- Written form is more important than spoken
- Literary texts are the materials
- Oral skills are neglected
- Reading and writing skills are more important
- Listening and speaking are neglected
Principles
- To read the foreign language՚s literature
- Vocabulary and grammar are emphasized
- Bilingual word list, dictionary, memorization
- Accuracy
- Grammar is taught deductively
- Native language – Medium of instruction
Techniques
- Translation
- Reading comprehension
- Vocabulary activities
- Grammar activities
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✍ Manishika