Agriculture Technology Paper 1 2015 Questions and Answers Part 4
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Three factors to consider when purchasing an irrigation sprinkler system:
- Size of area to be irrigated.
- The shape of the land.
- Obstructions, such as trees or rocks, may require extra work to water around.
- The depth of the soil that needs to be watered.
- Time and effort available to use the system.
Explain the working of an irrigation sprinkler:
- The water passes through the sprinkler head and changes the water flow from a steady stream to a circular arc shape.
- The water dispersion is designed to maximize the surface area that is reached by the water.
- Lawn sprinkler heads can be recessed into the ground and forced up by the pressure of the water when the system is activated. Other systems can be fixed in a place above ground.
Two criteria that will influence the farmer՚s decision on when to irrigate a crop:
- Intuition.
- Calendar days since the last rainfall or irrigation.
- Crop evapotranspiration.
- Soil water. (Any 2)
The working of this fire suppression sprinkler system:
- Built into the sprinkler head is a heat-sensitive bulb or a two-part metal link that is held together with an alloy.
- The bulb or metal lies across the top of the head and acts as a plug to keep the opening closed.
- In the event of a fire, the plug will melt and release the water that will in turn distinguish the fire.
Functions of the TWO compartments :
- Anaerobic bacteria in the first tank break down sewage.
- Very little solids remain when the watery sewerage flows to the second tank.
- Sludge from the first tank must be pumped out periodically.
- Only liquid sewage remains in the second tank and drains away through the outlet pipe or stone trench.
Three criteria that must be followed when maintaining a septic tank:
- Septic tank sludge must be pumped out periodically.
- The frequency of pumping out will depend primarily on the amount of wastewater that goes through the system each day.
- The frequency also depends on how careful you are about not throwing excess fats, rinds, and other similar garbage down the drains.
- The more solid waste thrown in the system, the quicker the tank will fill up.
- Heavy flows of water also tend to make the tank fill up more quickly.
- That is why it is best not to use a garbage disposal in the system when you have a septic tank, and why water should not be left running indiscriminately in sinks or toilets.
Three places where a septic tank may Not be built:
- Do not build near boreholes, drinking water installations.
- A suitable distance away from the house.
- Not near traffic.
- Not near places where people eat, wash, or work regularly. (Any 3)
Explain the abbreviation GPS:
GPS stands for the Global Positioning System.
How can a farmer use a GPS device?
Device that pinpoints a precise location on the earth. Harvester
Total Section B: 160
Grand Total: 200