Jahangir Shah Jahan Aurangzeb & Later Mughal Rulers YouTube Lecture Handouts Part 1
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Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb, Later Mughals|ICSE Class 7 History (Medieval Indian History)
Title: Jahangir Shah Jahan Aurangzeb & Later Mughal Rulers
Mughal expansion under these 3 rulers during 17th century.
Jahangir
- Rebelled against his father Akbar – could not succeed but Akbar forgive him – this was close to the end of Akbar՚s reign
- Akbar nominated him to throne
- Prince Salim came to throne in 1605 after death of Akbar
- Took the title Nur-ud-din Jahangir or Conqueror of World – continued policies of father, good relation with Rajput՚s, was a learned man with combination of virtues and vices
Jahangir (1605 - 1627)
- Rebelled against his father Akbar – could not succeed but Akbar forgive him – this was close to the end of Akbar՚s reign
- Akbar nominated him to throne
- Prince Salim came to throne in 1605 after death of Akbar
- Took the title Nur-ud-din Jahangir or Conqueror of World – continued policies of father, good relation with Rajput՚s, was a learned man with combination of virtues and vices
Nur Jahan or Mehrunissa
- Jahangir married Nur Jahan in 1611
- She was a widow of Afghan noble, Sher Afghan
- She was made chief queen by Jahangir - Jahangir was highly influenced by her in matters of government and administration.
- Became real ruler behind the throne and appointed members of her family to post of high officials
- Elder son of Jahangir revolted against Nur Jahan and Jahangir. Nurjahan՚s influence faded out after death of Jahangir and she choose to retire from public life.
- Guru Arjan Dev was put to death for giving shelter to Khusrau
Deccan
- Malik Amber was the independent Ruler of Ahmednagar
- In 1617 – Khurram had partial success against Malik Amber but few years later Malik Amber declared his independence again
- Deccan remained a trouble spot
- Khurram՚s Deccan campaign resulted in capture of Ahmadnagar fort and earned him title Shah Jahan
Mewar
Jahangir led campaign against Rana Amar Singh (Son of Rana Pratap) – Rana was defeated in 1614 and from then remained loyal to Mughals
Kangra
- In 1622 Khurram succeeded in capturing fort of Kangra after 14 months siege, Mosque was built
- Also built a mosque
- Later conquered Bengal and Oudh
Kandhar
- Akbar conquered Kandhar during his time but Shah of Persia reconquered it during Jahangir՚s time
- Jahangir ordered Khurram to go to Kandhar but he refused and Kandhar was lost
Policies of Jahangir
- Followed Secularism
- Was liberal ruler
- Concerned about welfare of subjects
- Installed Chain of Justice for seekers of Justice
- People could ring the chain to get justice
- Friendly relation with Rajput՚s – matrimonial alliances
Developments under Jahangir
- Autobiography Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri
- Shalimar Bagh Gardens at Lahore
- Ustad Mansur (Painter)
- Blend of Indian & Persian Style
Jahangir himself was an excellent connoisseur (expert in fine arts) – later due to Aurangez՚s lack of interest paintings witnessed a decline
Painters under Jahangir
- Aga Reza
- Abul Hasan
- Ustad Mansur
- Bishan Das
- Manohar
- Govardhan
- Jahangir himself was an excellent connoisseur (expert in fine arts) – later due to Aurangzeb՚s lack of interest paintings witnessed a decline
- Painting scenes, hunting scenes, battle and court scenes were common
Akbar՚s Mausoleum Agra
- Akbar՚s Mausoleum Agra or Sikandara
- It was built by Jahangir inspired by Buddhist Viharas of that time
Tomb of Itimād-Ud-Daulah
Tomb of Itimād-ud-Daulah was built by Nur Jahan, wife of Jahagir for her father – decorated in white marble and pietra dura (mosaic work with semi-precious stones)
European Settlements
- 1498- Vasco-Da-Gama reached Calicut Portuguese continued to trade
- Initially Jahangir in good relations and gave trade concessions
- 1613 – trade relations were strained – Portuguese pirates attacked Mughal ships and destroyed cargo
- England wanted to promote trade relations - Captain Hawkins and Sir Thomas Roe visited Jahangir
- Jahangir gave some concessions and British set 1st English trading settlement at Surat in 1618
✍ Manishika