Vijayanagara & Bahamani Empire: Extent, Rulers, Contention, Success & Decline YouTube Lecture Handouts

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Vijayanagara & Bahamani Empire: Extent, Rulers, Contention, Success & Decline|ICSE Class 7 History

Title: History Vijayanagar

The Vijayanagara & Bahamani Kingdoms

  • The Vijayanagara Kingdom was founded by two brothers — Harihara and Bukka Raya in CE 1336 – in power for 230 years
  • Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq was the Sultan of Delhi, when this kingdom was founded.
  • The Vijayanagara kingdom included the present territories of Chennai and Mysore.
  • Bahamani established in 1347 – in power for 180 years
  • The Bahamani kingdom was Founded by Hasan Gangu in CE 1347
  • The Vijayanagara Kingdom was founded by two brothers — Harihara and Bukka Raya in CE 1336
  • Hasan Gangu called himself Ala-ud-din-Hasan Shah Bahamani

Mahmud Gawan

He was Wazir for many kings.

Krishnadev Raya

  • Famous king
  • Powerful good administrator
  • Learned scholar
  • Mahmud Gawan was wazir under Muhammad Shah III – 1463 to 1481
  • He was killed by nobles in 1481
  • Jama Masjid of Gulbarga
  • Virupaksha Temple
  • Vithalaswami Temple
  • Gol Gumbaj of Bijapur
  • Hazara Rama Temple
  • Chand Minar at Bidar

Conflict between Bahamani and Vijayanagara

Konkan Coast (Fertile and ports)

  • Raichur Doab (Fertile)
  • Krishna-Godavari doab (Fertile and ports)
  • Golconda (Diamond mines)
  • 1565: Battle of Talikota Vijayanagara dynasty was defeated by the combined forces of the Deccan Sultanates.
  • Death of Mahmud Gawan (1481) , ended Bahamani kingdom which broke into 5 small kingdoms
  • 1527: Disintegration of Bahamani Kingdom during Krishnadev Raya
  • Bidar under Barid Shahi
  • Berar under Imad Shahi
  • Bijapur under Adil Shahi
  • Ahmednagar under Nizam Shahi
  • Golconda under Qutub Shahi

Belligerents

  • Deccan sultanates vs Vijayanagar
  • Ahmedanagar - Hussain Nizam Shah I
  • Bijapur Sultanate - Ali Adil Shah I
  • Bidar Sultanate - Ali Barid Shah I
  • Golcunda Sultanate - Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah Wali
  • Versus Vijayanagar
  • Aliya Rama Raya‍ Executed
  • Venkatadri
  • Tirumala Deva Raya
  • Achutappa Nayak

Decline of the Tughlaq Empire

Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq was the Sultan of Delhi, when these two kingdoms were founded.

  • Weak Successors of Firoz Shah Tughlaq
  • Over-extension of the Empire
  • Invasion by Timur
  • Failed Experiments of Muhammad Tughlaq
  • Rebellions by Governors
  • Tughlaq power reduced and small kingdoms were formed like Assam, Bengal, Jaunpur, Orissa, Kashmir, Malwa, Mewar & Deccan

The Tughlaq Empire declined due to many causes:

  • Weak Successors of Firoz Shah Tughlaq: Firoz Shah Tughlaq was not a great general, and failed to reconquer his lost territories. His successors were weak. They could not govern the empire efficiently or preserve it.
  • Over-extension of the Empire: The huge size of the empire made governance difficult. Governors of provinces established independent kingdoms.
  • Invasion by Timur: Timur, the ruler of Samarkand, invaded Delhi in 1398. He ransacked and plundered Delhi and massacred the civilians. Timur՚s invasion exposed the weakness of the Tughlaqs, and was the final blow that led to the collapse of this empire.
  • Failed Experiments of Muhammad Tughlaq: Muhammad-bin Tughlaq՚s failed experiments made him an unpopular figure, besides draining the resources of the empire.
  • Rebellions by Governors: There was an outbreak of a series of rebellions by Governors

Manishika