National AIDS and STD Control Programme for NET, IAS, State-SET (KSET, WBSET, MPSET, etc.), GATE, CUET, Olympiads etc. 2023
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- The National AIDS Control Programme (NACP) , launched in 1992, is being implemented as a comprehensive programme for prevention & control of HIVâź‹ AIDS in India. The focus has shifted from raising awareness to behavior change, from a national response to a more decentralized response & to increasing involvement of NGOs & networks of People living with HIV (PLHIV) .
- The NACP I started in 1992 was implemented with an objective of slowing down the spread of HIV infections so as to reduce morbidity, mortality & impact of AIDS in the country.
- In November 1999, to reduce the spread of HIV infection in India the second National AIDS Control Project (NACP II) was launched, & (ii) to increase IndiaŐšs capacity to respond to HIVâź‹AIDS on a long-term basis.
- NACP III was launched in July 2007 with the goal of Halting & Reversing the Epidemic over its five-year period.
- NACP IV, launched in 2012, aims to accelerate the process of reversal & further strengthen the epidemic response in India through a cautious & well defined integration process over the next five years.
NACP - IV - Objectives
- Reduce new infections by 50% (2007 Baseline of NACP III)
- Provide comprehensive care & support to all persons living with HIVâź‹AIDS & treatment services for all those who require it.
Key Strategies
- Increasing & consolidating prevention services, with a focus on High Risk Groups (HRGs) & vulnerable population.
- Increasing access & promoting comprehensive care, support & treatment
- Expanding IEC services for general population & high risk groups with a focus on behavior change & demand generation.
- Building capacities at national, state, district and facility levels
- Strengthening Strategic Information Management System.
Key Priorities under NACP IV
- Preventing new infections by sustaining the reach of current interventions & effectively addressing emerging epidemics.
- Prevention of Parent to Child transmission.
- Focusing on IEC strategies for behavior change in HRG, awareness among general population & demand generation for HIV services.
- Providing comprehensive care, support & treatment to eligible PLHIV.
- Reducing stigma & discrimination through Greater involvement of PLHA (GIPA) .
- De-centralizing rollout of services including technical support.
- Ensuring effective use of strategic information at all levels of programme.
- Building capacities of NGO & civil society partners especially in states with emerging epidemics.
- Integrating HIV services with health systems in a phased manner.
- Mainstreaming of HIVâź‹ AIDS activities with all key centralâź‹state level. Ministriesâź‹ departments will be given a high priority & resources of the respective departments will be leveraged. Social protection & insurance mechanisms for PLHIV will be strengthened.
Package of Services Provided under NACP IV Prevention Services
- Targeted Interventions for High Risk Groups & Bridge Population (Female Sex Workers (FSW) , Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) , Transgenderâź‹Hires, Injecting Drug Users (IDU) , & Truckers & Migrants) .
- Needle-Syringe Exchange Programme (NSEP) & Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) for IDUs.
- Prevention Interventions for Migrant population at source, transit & destination.
- Link Worker Scheme (LWS) for HRGs & vulnerable population in rural areas.
- Prevention & Control of Sexually Transmitted Infectionsâź‹Reproductive Tract Infections (STIâź‹RTI) .
- Blood Safety.
- HIV Counseling & Testing Services 8. Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission.
- Condom promotion.
- Information, Education & Communication (IEC) & Behavior Change Communication (BCC) .
- Social Mobilization, Youth Interventions & Adolescent Education Programme.
- Mainstreaming HIVâź‹AIDS response.
- Work Place Interventions.
Care, Support & Treatment Services
- Laboratory services for CD4 Testing & other investigations.
- Free First line & second line Anti-Retroviral Treatment (ART) through ART centres & Link ART Centres (LACs) , Centres of Excellence (COE) & ART plus Centres.
- Pediatric ART for children.
- Early Infant Diagnosis for HIV exposed infants & children below 18 months.
- HIV-TB Coordination (Cross- referral, detection & treatment of co-infections) .
- Treatment of Opportunistic Infections.
- Drop-in Centres for PLHIV networks.
New Initiatives under NACP IV
- Differential strategies for districts based on data triangulation with due weightage to vulnerabilities.
- Scale up of programmes to target key vulnerabilities.
- Scale up of Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) for IDUs.
- Scale up & strengthening of Migrant Interventions at Source, Transit & Destinations including roll out of Migrant Tracking System for effective outreach.
- Establishment and scale up of interventions for Transgender (TGs) by bringing in community participation & focused strategies to address their vulnerabilities.
- Employer-Led Model for addressing vulnerabilities among migrant labour. Female Condom Programme
- Scale up of Multi-Drug Regimen for Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission (PPTCT) in keeping with international protocols
- Social protection for marginalized populations through mainstreaming & earmarking budgets for HIV among concerned government departments
- Establishment of Metro Blood Banks & Plasma Fractionation Centre
- Launch of Third Line ART and scale up of first & second Line ART
- Demand promotion strategies specially using mid-media, e. g. , National Folk Media Campaign & Red Ribbon Express & buses (in convergence with the National Health Mission)