Discussion on Switch and Hub in Networking Computer Science YouTube Lecture Handouts

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Discussion on Switch and Hub in Networking

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Topics to be covered

1. Definition

2. Pictorial Representation

3. Role in a network

4. Functioning of layers

5. Types of switches

6. Traffic monitoring

7. MCQs

Definition

A switch hub is device refers to connect multiple devices together which is used in management the flow of data across the network by transmission of received network packet to one or multiple devices.

Illustration: Definition

Pictorial Representation of Switch⟋Hub

Illustration: Pictorial Representation of Switch⟋Hub

Role in a Network

  • Switches plays prominent role in networking and most probably used as connection point for hosts and various edges of network. Undeniably, it՚s more reliable as compared to Ethernet hub specifically in case of identification of different recipients
  • Network plays imperative role in modern Ethernet (LANs) . From mid to large sized LANs indulged count of linked managed switches. Apart from this, small applications prefer to use a single switch.

Functioning of Layers

Modern business switches mostly uses primarily Ethernet interfaces. The basic function of these switches is to provide multiport layer-2, named as bridging. Some of them performing their operations at other layers . A device is much enough to bridging, called multilayer switch. It may learn topologies at other layers and forward at one or more layers.

Illustration: Functioning of Layers

Layer 1

  • At this layer, device of network able to transfer data but unable to manage any traffic controls likewise in Ethernet hub, each bit or symbols are repeated whenever it՚s in flow.
  • Besides this, repeater hub can receive and forward at single speed.

Layer 2

  • This layer is known as multiport device which includes Hardware addresses, Mac Addresses to process and also forward data at the data link layer2.
  • A switch which works as Network Bridge is able to interconnect devices at home or offices owing to the bridge learns the Mac address of each device.
  • Bridges also buffers as an incoming packet and prefers to adapt transmission speed to outgoing port.

Layer 3

  • At this layer, mostly functions can performed by router but some can be performed by switches.
  • This layer is capable to be aware about IP multicast through IGMP snooping which resulted as enhancement in efficiency though out traffic delivering of multicast groups where device reveals signals that wants to listen to that particular group.

Layer 4 & Layer 7

  • In this layer switch is able to use information of transport layer protocol for taking new decisions.In other words, this layer is able to use source and destination port numbers by the help of TCP and UDP communication which also helps to block and prioritize communication.
  • At this layer, Switch mostly prefers to distribute load based on URLs as well as by using installation techniques to identify application level transactions

Types of Switches

Illustration: Types of Switches

There are various types of switches also used as configuration options.

  • Unmanaged Switches:-These switches have no interface or options.
  • Managed Switches:-These kind of switches have multiple methods to modify the operations of switch.
  • Smart Switches:- These switches are basically managed switches with limited features of management.
  • Enterprise managed switches:- These switches indulge complete set of management features such as CLI and web interface.

Traffic Monitoring

  • It is not easy task to manage traffic but here are some methods which are specifically designed to monitor traffic:-
  • PORT MONITORING:- the switch basically sends copy of network packets for connection monitoring.
  • SMON:- Its abbreviation of “Switch Monitoring” used for controlling amenities such as port mirroring.

Advantages & Disadvantages of Hub

Advantages

  • Hub is less expensive as compared to other networking devices
  • It can be used to connect the multiple devices.
  • It can extend total distance of the network.
  • It does not affect performance of the network seriously.

Disadvantages

  • It will broadcast to all the ports
  • It runs half duplex.
  • If 10 ports in a hub it will share bandwidth of 100 Mbps, so each ports share 10 Mbps.
  • A hub has maximum 4 ports and cannot accommodate for big networks.
  • It does not have mechanism to reduce the network traffic.
  • It does not have mechanisms such as collision detection and retransmission of packets

MCQs

Q1. How many types of layers comes under working of switch and hub?

a) One

b) Six

c) four

d) five

Answer: d

Q2. Which type of switch includes configuration options?

a) Managed Switches

b) Smart Switches

c) Enterprise managed switches

d) All of these

Answer: d

Chapters:

0: 00 Switch and Hub in Networking

0: 56 Definition of Switch and Hub

1: 48 Pictorial Representation of Switch⟋Hub

2: 45 Role in a Network

3: 36 Functioning of Layers

8: 05 Types of Switches

9: 13 Traffic Monitoring

10: 01 Advantages & Disadvantages of Hub

11: 05 MCQ about Switch and Hub

Mayank