NCERT Class 12 World Politics Chapter 9 Globalization YouTube Lecture Handouts

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NCERT Class 12 World Politics Chapter 9: Globalizaton|English|CBSE|Political Science

NCERT Class 12 World Politics Chapter 9 Globalization

Globalization – What to Study? World as a Village

Illustration: Globalization – What to Study? World as a Village

Concept

  • Worldwide interconnectedness
  • As a result of constant flows
  • Multi-dimensional concept
  • Political, economic and cultural
Illustration: Concept
  • Rima becomes Mary – From India to US – night shift and call centers
  • Made in China toys for birthday (much of Chinese stuff in Indian market is smuggled)
  • Some farmers committed suicide because their crops failed. They had bought very expensive seeds supplied by a multinational company (MNC) .
  • An Indian company bought a major rival company based in Europe, despite protests by some of the current owners.

Causes of Globalization

Illustration: Causes of Globalization
  • Uniqueness of globalization - scale and speed of flow
  • Communication revolutionized
  • Printing laid basis for nationalism
  • Movement of capital and commodities will most likely be quicker and wider than the movement of peoples across different parts of the world
  • Recognize interconnections with rest of the world and its impact – bird flu, covid is not confined to part of the world (no national boundaries are respected) – similarly is the recession

Globalization – Political Consequences

Illustration: Globalization – Political Consequences

All over the world, the old ‘welfare state’ is now giving way to a more minimalist state that performs certain core functions such as the maintenance of law and order and the security of its citizens. However, it withdraws from many of its earlier welfare functions directed at economic and social well-being. Market is now the main determinant

Globalization – Economic Consequences

Illustration: Globalization – Economic Consequences
  • While globalization has led to similar economic policies adopted by governments in different parts of the world, this has generated vastly different outcomes in different parts of the world
  • Those worrying about social justice are tensed about state withdrawal by economic globalization
  • Halt for economic globalization as it can ruin the economy of weaker countries and traditional skills
  • Greater economic growth and well-being for larger sections of the population when there is de-regulation.
  • Interdependence and integration between governments, businesses, and ordinary people in different parts of the world because of globalization.

Globalization – Cultural Consequences

Illustration: Globalization – Cultural Consequences
  • The popularity of a burger or blue jeans, some argue, has a lot to do with the powerful influence of the American way of life. Thus, the culture of the politically and economically dominant society leaves its imprint on a less powerful society
  • Some external influences are negative because they reduce our choices. However, sometimes-external influences simply enlarge our choices, and sometimes they modify our culture without overwhelming the traditional. The burger is no substitute for a masala dosa and, therefore, does not pose any challenge. It is simply added on to our choices
  • Leads to each culture becoming more different and distinctive. This phenomenon is called cultural heterogenisation. This is not to deny that there remain differences in power when cultures interact but instead more fundamentally to suggest that cultural exchange is rarely one way.

India & Globalization

Illustration: India & Globalization

Ultimate test is not high growth rates as making sure that the benefits of growth are shared so that everyone is better off.

Resistance to Globalization

Illustration: Resistance to Globalization
  • Leftist - contemporary globalisation represents a particular phase of global capitalism that makes the rich richer (and fewer) and the poor poorer. Weakening of the state leads to a reduction in the capacity of the state to protect the interest of its poor political right express anxiety over the political, economic, and cultural effects. In political terms, they also fear the weakening of the state. Economically, they want a return to self-reliance and protectionism, at least in certain areas of the economy.
  • Culturally, they are worried that traditional culture will be harmed and people will lose their age-old values and ways.
  • Many anti-globalization movements are not opposed to the idea of globalization per se as much as they are opposed to a specific programme of globalization, which they see as a form of imperialism.
  • 1999 – WTO ministerial meeting – protests in Seattle for unfair trade practices by economically powerful states (developing world was not given importance in evolving global economic system)
  • The World Social Forum (WSF) is another global platform, which brings together a wide coalition composed of human rights activists, environmentalists, labour, youth and women activists opposed to neo-liberal globalization. The first WSF meeting was organized in Porto Alegre, Brazil in 2001. The fourth WSF meeting was held in Mumbai in 2004. The seventh WSF meeting was held in Nairobi, Kenya in January 2007.
  • In India resistance by left wing, trade unions, Indian Social Forum, patenting of neem by America & Europe, availability of foreign TV sets, celebrating friendship day, mother՚s day, father՚s day & westernization of dress code

Mayank