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Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behaviour, according to the American Psychological Association. Psychology is a multifaceted discipline and includes many sub-fields of study such areas as human development, sports, health, clinical, social behaviour and cognitive processes. For explanations and solutions to these questions don’t forget to visit www.doorsteptutor.com

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Comprehension:

A psychologist wanted to develop an achievement test in chemistry for SSC students of central schools. For this purpose, he wrote 110 items having multiple-choice format. He administered this draft version to a sample of 300 subjects. Item analysis was carried out by computing item-reminder correlations. The item analysis retained 80 items. The 80 items version was administered to a fresh sample of 400 subjects which yielded a mean of 40.00 alpha and standard deviation of 8.00. The scores were found to be normally distributed. Cornbach alpha for 80 item version was found to be 0.94. The psychologist also computed odd-even reliability and Kuder-Richardson (K-R) reliability for this version. On this version, one of the subjects Manas, had a score of 32. Since the 80 item version was considered long for administration, two forms, form A and form B were prepared by randomly assigning 40 items to each form.

Sub questions:

91. The 95 % confidence interval for the true score of 32 would be

1. $32±0.94$

2. $32±\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}1.96$

3. $\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}2±\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}6.00$

4. $32±\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}3.84$

92. For computing item-remainder correlations, which one of the correlations would be suitable?

1. Phi-coefficient

2. Contingency coefficient

3. Point-biserial correlation

4. Tetra choric correlation

93. In the above study, the psychologist computed three reliability coefficients:

a. Cornbach alpha

b. Split-half reliability coefficient

c. Kuder-Richardson reliability coefficient

Which one the following explanation is true?

1. a, b and c would be the same

2. a and c would be the same, but b can be different

3. b and c would be the same but a would be different

4. a, b and c, all three would be different

94. The expected Cronbach alpha for form A would be

1. $0.47$

2. $0.89$

3. $0.62$

4. $0.94$

95. The score of 32 scored by Manas on 80 item version would correspond to percentile rank

1.16

2.32

3.80

4.84

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A researcher wanted to study the effect of organization of material (A) on recall. She expected that retention interval (B) would moderate the effect of organization of material. She varied A at three level- Low organization, Moderate organization and High organization. She varied B at two levels-Short retention interval and Long retention interval. The subjects were randomly assigned to different groups. Each subject received the list of words with specific level of organization. Each of them learnt the list up to one errorless trial and was tested after the specified retention interval. All the subjects had also received the intelligence test. The number of items, recalled by the subject, was the dependent variable. The data were analyzed by the appropriate ANOVA, treating intelligence as a covariate. The partial results are given here-

(i) The sum of squares for organization of material (A) was $255.00$

(ii) The degree of freedom for error variance was 115

(iii) The F ratio for interaction $\left(A*B\right)$ was $0.95.$

The obtained results were appropriately interpreted.

Sub questions:

96. How many subjects have been employed in this study?

1.116

2.120

3.121

4.122

97. What would be the degree of freedom for covariate?

1.1

2.2

3.5

4.6

98. The design in the above study can be best labeled as

1. Randomized single-factor design with covariate

2. Randomized balance 3 * 2 factorial design with a covariate

3. Randomized unbalanced 3 * 2 factorial design with a covariate

4. Randomized 3 * 2 blocked factorial design with a covariate

99. From the above results, it can be concluded that

1. Main effect of organization of material is significant

2. Main effect of organization of material is non-significant

3. Retention interval does not moderate the effect of organization of material

4. Retention interval moderates the effect of organization of material

100. The “mean square” for organization of material would be

1.42. 50

2.127. 50

3.85. 00

4.255. 00

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