Renewable Energy in India YouTube Lecture Handouts

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Renewable Energy

Indian Scenario

11^th Largest Economy & 4^th Largest in Purchasing Power

Potential Ahead

Power Scenario in India (Installed – 263.66 GW & Renewable Energy – 34.35 GW)

Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources (MNES)

• Ministry has launched one of world’s largest and most ambitious programs on renewable energy

• 3,700 MW are powered by renewable energy sources

• Rural Electrification by 2012 for 1 lakh villages

Energy Sources – India

• 57% by Coal - Mainly Central & NE India

• 1/3rd from renewable energy – mainly hydropower

• Next to HEP is Natural Gas

HEP

• Energy from water

• Major Rainfall Areas: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur and Mizoram & west coast between Mumbai (Bombay) and Mahe

• Small HEP: Upto 25 MW – Identified Potential Sites 4096

• Renovation and modernization

• Development and up-gradation of water mills

• Industry based research and development

Largest Hydroelectricity Producer Countries

• China: 652.846 TWh

• Canada: 369.539 TWh

• Brazil: 363.304 TWh

• USA: 250.916 TWh

• Russia: 167.271 TWh

Countries with Highest Electricity Generation from HEP

• China: 1,066.1 TW·h/year

• Brazil: 411.2 TW·h/year

• Canada: 376.7 TW·h/year

• USA: 251.2 TW·h/year

Solar Energy

• B/w Tropic of Cancer & Equator, average annual temperature that ranges from 25°C – 27.5 °C

• Photovoltaic Cells – Low Energy Factor, No Moving Parts

• Mirrors or parabolic dishes – concentrate lights

• Installed capacity: 3744 MW (as of 2015)

• Capacity: Gujarat > Rajasthan > MP

Installed Solar Power Capacity Countries

• Germany: 35.736 GW

• China: 18.528 GW

• Italy: 17.861 GW

• Japan: 13.947 GW

• USA: 12.035 GW

Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission

• Launched on 2010

• Target to deploy 20,000 MW of grid connected solar power by 2022

• Ecological Sustainable Growth

• To achieve 15 million sq. meters solar thermal collector area by 2017 & 20 million by 2022.

• To deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by 2022

Applications

• Concentrated Solar Power

  • Uses only Direct Normal Radiation fraction of solar radiation & solar heat for steam generation and finally electricity production.

  • Started by JNNSM

• Solar Water Heaters

• Domestic Use

13 States: Solar Policy Supporting Grid MNRE Connected Rooftop Systems

• Andhra Pradesh

• Chhattisgarh

• Gujarat

• Haryana

• Karnataka

• Kerala

• Manipur

• Punjab

• Rajasthan

• Uttar Pradesh

• Tamil Kerala

• Manipur

• Punjab

• Rajasthan

• Uttar Pradesh

• Tamil Nadu

• Uttarakhand

• West Bengal

17 Solar Parks Approved – 12,759 MW

Wind Energy

• India next to Germany – Fastest growing market

• Wind Power Potential – AP > Gujarat > Karnataka > Kerala

• Current Installed capacity of 22645 MW

• Installed Capacity – Tamil Nadu > Maharashtra > Gujarat > Rajasthan

Largest Wind Power Producing Countries

• China: 114,364 MW

• USA: 65,628 MW

• Germany: 39,963 MW

• Spain: 22,538 MW

• India: 22,562 MW

• UK: 12,597 MW

Biomass Energy

• Top Nations: Brazil, USA (Low Cost & Indigenous Supply)

• Includes solid biomass, biogas, liquid biofuels and municipal waste

• Most successful forms of biomass are sugarcane bagasse (agriculture), pulp and paper residues (forestry) and manure (livestock residues)

• Methods: Combustion, Gasification, Fermentation & Anaerobic digestion

• Potential Biomass Production: AP > Bihar > Gujarat > Karnataka

Biomass Energy Sources

Tidal Power

• Tidal energy can be harnessed in two ways: tidal stream generators & barrage generation

• South Korea, China, United Kingdom

• Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Plant in 2011: 254 MW capacity is the largest tidal power installation in the world

Wave Power

• Top Nations: South Korea, Australia

• South Korea tops due to its exposed peninsula

• It is sporadic

Geothermal Energy

• Till Now only 6.5% geothermal energy is tapped

• Countries generating more than 15% electricity from geothermal sources: El Salvador, Kenya, Philippines, Iceland & Costa Rica.

Targets 2022

• Generate 175 GW by 2022 - 18.9% of entire power consumption

• 100 GW from solar power – 40 GW from rooftop solar panels

• 60 GW from wind

• 10 GW from biomass

• 5 GW from small hydro power

• India – to Achieve 147 GW by 2020

• $160 billion needed in next 7 years (until 2022) at an average of $23 billion per year

• Goal is four times of India’s annual defense spending & over 10 times India’s annual spending on health and education.

Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency

• Income tax breaks

• Accelerated depreciation

• Custom duty/duty free import concessions

• Capital/Interest subsidy

• Incentives for Detailed Project Reports (DPR) and feasibility reports

• 100% income tax exemption for any continuous block of power for 10 years in the first 15 years of operations

• Accelerated 100% depreciation on specified renewable energy-based devices

• Accelerated depreciation of 80 percent in the first year of operations

• Interest rate subsidies to promote commercialization of new technology

-Manishika