Background, Perception of Each Other, Major Outstanding Issues and Economic Relations

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Background

  • India was the second non-communist state to recognize PRC in 1949
  • The 16th state to establish diplomatic relations with PRC in 1950
  • 1954: eight-year agreement on Tibet - Panchsheel
  • 1962: War
  • 1960s-70s: Sino-Indian relations deteriorated because
    • War
    • Sino-Pakistani relations improved
    • Sino-Russian relations deteriorated
  • 1967: Nathu La incident; Chola incident
  • 1976: Restored ambassadorial relations
  • 1979: External Affairs minister AB Vajpayee՚s visit to China
  • 1988: Rajiv Gandhi՚s visit to China
    • Agreed to develop and expand bilateral relations in all fields
    • Establish a Joint Working Group on Boundary and Joint Economic Group
  • Mid-1990s: relations started improving
  • 1992: President E Venkararaman visited China. This was the first Head of State level visit from India to China
  • 1996: Pres Jaing Zemin՚s visit to India
  • 2003: Declaration on Principles for Relations and Comprehensive Cooperation signed
    • First comprehensive document on development of bilateral relations signed at the highest level between India and China
  • 2008: A Shared Vision for the 21st century of the Republic of India and the PRC
  • 2011: Year of India-China exchange

Perception of Each Other

Table 1

Table Supporting: Perception of Each Other
India՚s perception of ChinaChina՚s perception of India
A very important nation in South Asia
Population next only to China
Economy growing at a fast pace. Security forces mobilizing. Nuclear power.

Major Outstanding Issues

Table 2

Table Supporting: Major Outstanding Issues
IssueIndia՚s ConcernChina՚s concern
Boundary
Visa PolicyChina giving stapled visa to residents of Kashmir
TradeChina accused of dumping goods in India.India imposing ban on investment of certain Chinese companies
DamsChina building dams on the Brahmaputra river
TibetIndia՚s asylum to Dalai Lama
GeopoliticsString of pearls.

Relations with Pak – China՚s presence in PoK, China՚s policy on J&K, nuclear relationship with Pakistan

India՚s growing relationship with US
Defence Cooperation
Competition in South Asia