G. S. Ghurye: Indological or Textual Perspective, Family, Kinship and Marriage
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Family, Kinship and Marriage
- Endogamy to preserve kinship
- The kin and caste networks in India had parallels in some other societies also.
- The kinship and caste in India served in the past as integrative frameworks.
- The evolution of society was based on the integration of diverse, racial or ethnic groups through these networks.
The relationship between caste and kinship is very close because:
- exogamy in our society is largely based on kinship, either real or imaginary, and
- the effective unit of caste, sub-caste is largely constituted of kinsmen.
- To Ghurye, there are three types of marriage restrictions in our society, which shape the relationship between caste and kinship.
- These are endogamy, exogamy and hypergamy.
Exogamy can be divided into two parts:
(i) sapinda or prohibited degrees of kin (cousin marriage)
(ii) sept or gotra exogamy. (clan)
- Exogamy: marriage with outsiders
- Endogamy: insider marriage
- Hypergamy: when a woman marries a man from higher status. Also called Anuloma vivah.
Culture & Civilization
- According to Ghurye, “civilization is the sum total of social heritage projected on the social plane” .
- “Rurbunization” - Rural + Urban
Views of culture
- According to needs and situation: independent
- Accumulation and diffusion
Metropolitan economy dominated villages by becoming manufacturing hubs
Religion
- Directs and guides men
- Centre of culture and heritage
- Indian Sadhus as the arbiters of religious disputes, patronized learning of scriptures and the sacred lore and even defended religion against external attacks.
- ՚religious consciousness
National Unity and Integration
- Threats to unity: SC, ST, OBC, Muslims < linguistic minorities
- How to preserve cultural unity?
- Strengthening Brahminical flow of culture (acculturation)
- All the major institutions of Hindu society originated among the Brahmins and gradually they were accepted by other sections of the community.
Notes
- Field survey of Mahadev Kolis tribe and Sex Habits of Middle-Class People in Maharashtra
- Said that tribes could hinder nationality
- Armed chair Sociologist
- Views contradictory to Oriental views
- Only studied Hindu culture
MCQ
1. In a metamorphically sense the village communities of India were of many years beyond the frontiers of dynasties which ruled the great cities. Who made this statement?
- S. C. Dubey
- M. N. Srinivas
- Biedleman
- G. S. Ghurye
Ans. D
2. Who gave the term Rurbunization?
- M. N. Srinivas
- G. S. Ghurye
- A. R Desai
- Irawati Karwe
Ans. B
#Theoretical Perspectives
#Indological or Textual Perspective
#G. S. Ghurye
✍ Manishika