Legal Terms: Censure Motion, Certiorari, Circumstantial Evidence and Coalition
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Legal Terms
- Censure Motion: means a motion of no-confidence in a government or a group in power.
- Certiorari: a writ to transfer a law suit from a lower court to a higher one.
- Circumstantial evidence: evidence based on the circumstances of a case and sufficiently strong to establish the guilt.
- Coalition: combinations of political parties. When two or more parties combine and form a government, it is called a coalition government.
- Cognizable offence: Offence which can be dealt with by the court.
- Contempt of Court: disobedience or disregard of the judgement or orders of the court.
- Convict: one found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court.
- Code: a body of classified laws or regulations, e. g. Criminal Procedure Code.
- Coup d état: is a violent and sudden change of Government usually by the force of arms.
- Copy right: the exclusive right of an author in his literary or artistic work. It is vested in the author for a period of fifty years.
- Court martial: a court of military or naval officers to try persons for breach of military discipline according to military law.
- C. P. C. : Civil Procedure Code.
- Cr. P. C. : Criminal Procedure Code.
- Curfew: an order under which people have to be indoors within certain hours.
- Decree: The award or decision of a court or arbitrator.
- Defendant: a person required to answer in a court.
- Defacto: actually: which actually functions though it may not have any legal sanction.
- Defamation: to attack the reputation of-slander or libel.
- Dejure: by right of aw, lawful, rightful.
- Detenue: a person who has been detained by the State.
- Division Bench: refes to a Bench of two judges.
- Double jeopardy: means prosecuting a person more than once for the same offence.
- Estoppel: a bar to prevent a person from admitting or denying because of statements made by him previously.
- Exhibit: a legal document presented as proof of the facts.
- Extradition: delivering a national of another country for trial or offences.
- Ex. gratia by way of grace: it is used to denote payment or grant made on humanitarian consideration.
- Ex officio: by virtue of holding any office.
- Exparte: something done or said by one person in the absence of his opponent.
- Facsimile: an exact copy of a document.
- F. I. R. : first information report refers to information relating to the commission of congnizable offence.
- Forgery: the act of counterfeiting handwriting of another with the intention of defrauding him.
- Free Legal aid: legal aid provided to the poor at the expense of the government.
- Full Bench: refers to a bench of three or more judges.
- Genocide: the wilful extermination of a minority or a religious community or race by mass killing or by passing repressive measures.
- Habeas Corpus: a writ refers to the right of an arrested person to be produced before the court of law for trial.
- Indemnity: security against damage or loss.
- Indictment: document containing charges against a prisoner.
- Interpol: International Police Headquarters. Lyons (Paris) .
- Inquest: legal or judicial enquiry to find out facts usually concerning the death of a person.
- In camera: in secret.
- I. P. C. : Indian Penal Code.
- Lease: contract by which a lessor, usually in consideration or rent, conveys land or tenement to a lessee for a specified time.
- Legacy: money or property left to a person by will.
- Letters Patent: A document under seal of the government authorising an individual or body to do some act or enjoy some privilege.
- Levirate: means marriage of a woman with her younger brother in law after her husband՚s death.
- Libel: any publication or statement calculated to injure one՚s reputation or character.
- Life imprisonment: means imprisonment for fourteen years.
- Limited Company: is one in which the shareholders responsibility is limited to the extent of their shares in it.
- Limited liability: liability of the shareholders of a company is limited to the extent of the value of their shares.
- Locus stand: right to interfere.
- Mandamus: writ issue by a superior court diecting the State or lower court, to whom it is issued, to perform specified act pertaining to its office.
- Malafide: with bad faith.
- Minor: every person domiciled in India and below the age of eighteen years is a minor.
- Modus operandi: mode of working.
- Monogamy: the practice or state of being married to only one person at a time.
- Mortgage: a deed transferring property to creditor as security for the payment of a debt.
- Moratorium: an order authorising postponement of payment of dues without imposition of punishment.
- Natural Justice: means justice founded on fairness, equity and good conscience.
- Naturalisation: is the grant of nationality or citizenship to an alien.
- Negotiable Instruments: are documents (such as bank notes, cheque, promissory note etc.) which on transfer from one person to another convey the legal right to the property they represent.
- Notry Public: an official, usually a lawyer, appointed to attest or certify documents and deeds.