NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 1: Tracing Changes through a Thousand Years (700 - 1750 CE) YouTube Lecture Handouts
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NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 1: Tracing Changes through a Thousand Year
Al-Idrisi - Arab Geographer
- South on the top
- Small section of larger map
- Solely concerned with portraying geography โ No Imagery & text
- Considered most accurate till 3 centuries
Then French Geographer โ 1720s
- Mentioned Kannauj (UP)
- Used by European sailors
- Atlas Nouveau by Guillaume de l Isle โ Europe & Americas
Sources
- Coins
- Inscriptions
- Architecture
- Textual Records โ Paper getting cheaper
- Manuscripts โ by Hand โ No printing press โ By (Scribes โ copyist) โ Writings nashtaliq (cursive & easy) & Shikaste (dense & difficult)
- Archives โ Place to store Manuscripts
Innovations
- Persian Wheel โ Irrigation
- Spinning Wheel โ Weaving
- Firearms โ Combat
- New Crops โ Potato, Corn, Chilly, Tea, Coffee
Social Groups
- Rajputs โ โRajputrasโ โ Kshatriya โ Valor & Loyality
- Marathas
- Sikhs
- Jats
- Ahoms
- Kayasthas (caste of scribe and secretaries)
Social Differentiation
- Based on jatiโsub-caste, occupation and background
- Jati โ Own rules
- Jati Panchayats โ villages governed by chieftain
Regional Expanse
Expanse of Mohammad Bin Tughlaqีs empire Ghiyasuddin Balban (1266 - 87) : From Bengal (Gauda) in the east to Ghazni (Gajjana) in Afghanistan in the west and included all of south India (Dravida) . People of Gauda, Andhra, Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Gujarat fled before his armies.
After Mughal Decline in 18th Century โ Regional States
โ Manishika