Certificate Physical & Human Geography Goh Cheng Leong Chapter 17The Savanna or Sudan Climate YouTube Lecture Handouts

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Certificate Physical & Human Geography Goh Cheng Leong

Chapter 17: The Savanna or Sudan Climate

Characteristics

  • Transition

  • Hot rainy & cold dry

  • Temp:

  • Extreme diurnal temp. – day 100 & night 50 - intense heating in day

  • Trade winds bring rain to coastal area – strong in summer and dry in continental interior (scattered tree and short grass)

  • Harmattan – Doctor

Vegetation

  • Tall grass – 6 to 12 ft. – elephant grass – long roots

  • Short trees

  • Parkland or bushveld

  • Deciduous - acacia

  • Water storing – baobab & bottle tree

  • Umbrella shaped

  • Palm along wet areas

  • Rain decreases – thorny scrub (Australia)- mallee, mulga, spinifex

Animals

  • Big game country

  • Skin, horn, tusk, bone, hair

  • Herbivores – alert & swift, speed, zebra, giraffe (long neck), camouflaged

  • Carnivores – lion, tiger – powerful jaw & teeth – yellow brown body match surrounding

  • Reptiles & mammals – crocodile, alligator

  • National Parks (Kenya-viewing towers)

Tribes – Masai – E. Africa

  • Nomadic – Kenya, Tanzania & Uganda

  • From 50,000 to 15,000 after clashes & epidemics

  • Occupy less favored area of Savanna

  • Circular Huts

  • Cattles in enclosure at nights

  • Zebu cattle – Hump & long horn – symbol of wealth

  • Get vegetables from Kikiyu of Kenya – millet, banana

Tribes – Hausa – N. Nigeria

  • Settled cultivators in Bauchi plateau

  • 6 million people – settled agriculture

  • Towns and villages – groundnut, banana, cotton, tobacco – leave it fallow

  • Rotate crop in different fields

  • Domesticate animals – milk and meat, poultry

  • Seedling sprout in heavy rain, weeding with traditional hoes

  • Fire caused by Harmattan

Development in Savanna

  • Settlements in C. Africa, N. Australia & E. Brazil

  • Potential for plantation agriculture