Types of Housing: Fundamentals of Geography YouTube Lecture Handouts

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Types of Housing: Fundamentals of Geography

Types of Housing

Agenda

  • Types of housing
  • Characteristics of housing

Pueblo Revival Style

Illustration: Pueblo Revival Style

Pueblo Revival Style

  • Most popular in the Southwest in early 20th century
  • Influenced by the ancient Pueblo Indian՚s simple multifamily homes
  • Earthy materials such as adobe, concrete, stucco or mortar
  • Uses large wood beams
  • Enclosed courtyards and flat or sloping roofs
  • Rounded exteriors with square windows

Colonial Style

Illustration: Colonial Style

Colonial Style – Most Popular USA

  • Usually 2 or 3 stories with high-pitched roof
  • One or more dormers
  • Massive chimneys
  • Narrow clapboard siding
  • Double-hung, multipane windows that are symmetrical on either side of central front door
  • Decorative crown over front door supported by pilasters or columns

Cape Cod Style

Illustration: Cape Cod Style

Cape Cod – by English Colonist in USA in 1600՚s

  • Steep roof with side gables, 1 chimney usually on end
  • 1.5 stories, with 1 or more dormers on the half story
  • Sided with wide clapboards, wood shingles, or brick
  • Centered front door, most often plain, but sometimes with portico
  • Hardwood floors and center hall floor plan
  • Multipaned, double-hung windows with decorative shutters

Cottage Style

Illustration: Cottage Style

Cottage Style

  • Tall, peaked roof
  • Masonry chimney
  • Meandering walkway to the front door
  • Large, multipane windows
  • Wood siding (often shingles)
  • Surrounded by flowers and climbing plants

Craftsman Style

Illustration: Craftsman Style

Craftsman Style – Arts and Crafts

  • Low-pitched gable roof with exposed rafters, decorative beams, or braces under the gables
  • Wide, welcoming porch supported by massive columns
  • Wood, stone, or stucco siding
  • Double-hung windows often grouped in 3՚s, with upper sashes divided into 2 - 3 panes over plain lower sash
  • Open floor plan, built-in cabinets, shelving, and seating
  • Organic colors and natural materials

Farmhouse Style

Illustration: Farmhouse Style

Farmhouse Style – Simplified Victorian

  • Asymmetrical plan with dormers and gables
  • Either shingle or metal roof
  • Tall windows
  • Wrap around porch with some Victorian detailing
  • Lap siding with simple moldings and trim

Federal Revival Style

Illustration: Federal Revival Style

Federal Revival Style – Origin England, in USA in 1700՚s

  • Large 2-story brick with massive chimneys
  • Centered front door sheltered by portico and topped with fan-shaped transom light
  • Dentil moldings in cornice and fan-shape or elliptical gable windows
  • Palladian windows
  • Oval rooms and recessed wall niches

Georgian Revival Style

Illustration: Georgian Revival Style

Georgian Revival Style

  • More angular than Federal
  • Common in USA 1715 to 1780՚s
  • Brick or wood sided, symmetrical & square in shape
  • Centered front door, usually flattened columns on each side & decorative crown on top
  • Medium-pitched roof with a chimney on every end
  • Minimal roof overhang
  • 5 double-hung windows or dormers across front with 9 or 12 panes in each sash

Victorian Style

Illustration: Victorian Style

Victorian Style

  • Queen Anne Style
  • Steep gable roofs
  • Ornamental woodwork
  • Tall, narrow windows
  • Turned columns, turrets, and porches
  • Decorative wooden brackets, patterned shingles, clapboard siding
  • Combinations of up to eight exterior colors on the same house

Shingle Style

Illustration: Shingle Style

Shingle Style

  • Vacation home along shores of New England
  • Origin in 19th Century
  • Variant of Victorian houses
  • Continuous shingle cladding on all exteriors
  • Free form with rambling architecture
  • Stone chimney
  • Wide porches, asymmetrical massing, dormer windows
  • Lower portion may be clad in heavy stone

Greek Revival Style

Illustration: Greek Revival Style

Greek Revival Style

  • Common in mid 1800՚s
  • Square, with tall double-hung windows on every side
  • Shallow-pitched roof
  • Front-facing columned portico, with supporting triangular pediment
  • White clapboard exterior
  • Decorative pilasters
  • Dentil moldings & heavy cornice

Italinate Style

Illustration: Italinate Style

Italinate Style

  • Based on villas in Italy
  • Between mid-to-late 1800՚s
  • Decorative corbels, window cornices
  • Doorways and porches with rounded windows
  • Columned entryways and rectangular windows

International Style

Illustration: International Style

International Style

  • Less is more
  • Free flowing space
  • Lack of clutter
  • Flat roof and large expanses of glass
  • Neutral palette, simple geometric shapes
  • Constructed of steel and concrete so to have open interiors
  • Clad in white stucco or wood
  • Tubular steel railings around porches and decks

Mediterranean Revival Style

Illustration: Mediterranean Revival Style

Mediterranean Revival Style

  • Heritage of mission church by Spanish colonist
  • Mainly in Southwest and California
  • Clad in adobe-like stucco
  • Flat or low-pitch roof with clay tiles
  • Balconies with black, wrought-iron railings
  • Often built around access to an inner courtyard
  • Deeply shaded porches and dark interiors
  • Terra-cotta pavers

Ranch House Style

Illustration: Ranch House Style

Ranch House Style

  • 1950՚s and 60՚s
  • On cheap land
  • Economical houses
  • Single story, with low-pitched gable end
  • Rectangular or L or U-shaped
  • Long and low to the ground
  • Sliding glass doors leading to a patio
  • Attached garage with open floor plan
  • Plain look

Southern Colonial Style

Illustration: Southern Colonial Style

Southern Colonial Style

  • Chimneys at end unlike northern version
  • Steeply pitched gable roof
  • Symmetrical in shape, with Centered front door
  • Multipane, tall, double-hung windows
  • Narrow plan, often only one room deep
  • Wide, welcoming front porch
  • Tall foundation walls to protect against moisture damage

Spanish Colonial Style

Illustration: Spanish Colonial Style

Spanish Colonial Style

  • In South-western USA
  • Massive masonry walls made of rough-cut stone blocks, or wood-frame walls with stucco
  • Muted earth tones of red clay on exterior
  • Small windows
  • Large, ornate wooden doors
  • Low, flat roof

Tudor Style

Illustration: Tudor Style

Tudor Style

  • Indicative of fairy-tale castles
  • Popular in USA in 1920 - 30՚s, & again in 70 - 80՚s.
  • Steeply pitched roofs with wide gables and massive chimneys
  • Brick and stucco cladding with stone trim and door surrounds
  • Tall, narrow, casement windows with multiple panes
  • Larger Tudors feature wood and stucco half-timbering

Art Deco Style

Illustration: Art Deco Style

Art Deco Style

  • Ancient Egypt, Hollywood and Miami Beach
  • Flat roof
  • Smooth Stucco Walls with rounded corners
  • Bold exterior decoration
  • Mostly for office buildings

Neoclassical Style

Illustration: Neoclassical Style

Neoclassical Style

  • Reflects architecture of Greece and Rome
  • In the early 20th century used by government buildings and universities
  • Symmetry, tall columns, elaborate doorways
  • Evenly spaced windows
  • Example is Thomas Jefferson՚s Monticello in Virginia

Contemporary Housing

Illustration: Contemporary Housing

Contemporary – Large Glass Panes

  • Natural siding materials like wood or stone
  • Odd, irregular shapes
  • Plain, lack of ornamentation
  • Open floor plan
  • Cathedral ceilings and exposed beams, or flat roofs

Prairie Style

Illustration: Prairie Style

Prairie Style

  • Simple material
  • Open floor
  • Long flat roofs
  • Rows of windows
  • Horizontal lines and organic patterns

Townhouse

Illustration: Townhouse

Townhouse

  • Mostly found in urban areas
  • Called row house or townhouse
  • Popular in the early 19th century
  • Due to limited space and financial benefits for the architect/builder
  • They are two stories or more with a traditional layout, side hallways and minimal lawn space

Oriental Style

Illustration: Oriental Style

Oriental Style

  • Rooted in Chinese architecture
  • Curved roof that expands far beyond the exterior walls
  • Framed with beautiful landscaping

Manishika