Types of Housing: Fundamentals of Geography YouTube Lecture Handouts
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Types of Housing: Fundamentals of Geography
Types of Housing
Agenda
- Types of housing
- Characteristics of housing
Pueblo Revival Style
Pueblo Revival Style
- Most popular in the Southwest in early 20th century
- Influenced by the ancient Pueblo Indian՚s simple multifamily homes
- Earthy materials such as adobe, concrete, stucco or mortar
- Uses large wood beams
- Enclosed courtyards and flat or sloping roofs
- Rounded exteriors with square windows
Colonial Style
Colonial Style – Most Popular USA
- Usually 2 or 3 stories with high-pitched roof
- One or more dormers
- Massive chimneys
- Narrow clapboard siding
- Double-hung, multipane windows that are symmetrical on either side of central front door
- Decorative crown over front door supported by pilasters or columns
Cape Cod Style
Cape Cod – by English Colonist in USA in 1600՚s
- Steep roof with side gables, 1 chimney usually on end
- 1.5 stories, with 1 or more dormers on the half story
- Sided with wide clapboards, wood shingles, or brick
- Centered front door, most often plain, but sometimes with portico
- Hardwood floors and center hall floor plan
- Multipaned, double-hung windows with decorative shutters
Cottage Style
Cottage Style
- Tall, peaked roof
- Masonry chimney
- Meandering walkway to the front door
- Large, multipane windows
- Wood siding (often shingles)
- Surrounded by flowers and climbing plants
Craftsman Style
Craftsman Style – Arts and Crafts
- Low-pitched gable roof with exposed rafters, decorative beams, or braces under the gables
- Wide, welcoming porch supported by massive columns
- Wood, stone, or stucco siding
- Double-hung windows often grouped in 3՚s, with upper sashes divided into 2 - 3 panes over plain lower sash
- Open floor plan, built-in cabinets, shelving, and seating
- Organic colors and natural materials
Farmhouse Style
Farmhouse Style – Simplified Victorian
- Asymmetrical plan with dormers and gables
- Either shingle or metal roof
- Tall windows
- Wrap around porch with some Victorian detailing
- Lap siding with simple moldings and trim
Federal Revival Style
Federal Revival Style – Origin England, in USA in 1700՚s
- Large 2-story brick with massive chimneys
- Centered front door sheltered by portico and topped with fan-shaped transom light
- Dentil moldings in cornice and fan-shape or elliptical gable windows
- Palladian windows
- Oval rooms and recessed wall niches
Georgian Revival Style
Georgian Revival Style
- More angular than Federal
- Common in USA 1715 to 1780՚s
- Brick or wood sided, symmetrical & square in shape
- Centered front door, usually flattened columns on each side & decorative crown on top
- Medium-pitched roof with a chimney on every end
- Minimal roof overhang
- 5 double-hung windows or dormers across front with 9 or 12 panes in each sash
Victorian Style
Victorian Style
- Queen Anne Style
- Steep gable roofs
- Ornamental woodwork
- Tall, narrow windows
- Turned columns, turrets, and porches
- Decorative wooden brackets, patterned shingles, clapboard siding
- Combinations of up to eight exterior colors on the same house
Shingle Style
Shingle Style
- Vacation home along shores of New England
- Origin in 19th Century
- Variant of Victorian houses
- Continuous shingle cladding on all exteriors
- Free form with rambling architecture
- Stone chimney
- Wide porches, asymmetrical massing, dormer windows
- Lower portion may be clad in heavy stone
Greek Revival Style
Greek Revival Style
- Common in mid 1800՚s
- Square, with tall double-hung windows on every side
- Shallow-pitched roof
- Front-facing columned portico, with supporting triangular pediment
- White clapboard exterior
- Decorative pilasters
- Dentil moldings & heavy cornice
Italinate Style
Italinate Style
- Based on villas in Italy
- Between mid-to-late 1800՚s
- Decorative corbels, window cornices
- Doorways and porches with rounded windows
- Columned entryways and rectangular windows
International Style
International Style
- Less is more
- Free flowing space
- Lack of clutter
- Flat roof and large expanses of glass
- Neutral palette, simple geometric shapes
- Constructed of steel and concrete so to have open interiors
- Clad in white stucco or wood
- Tubular steel railings around porches and decks
Mediterranean Revival Style
Mediterranean Revival Style
- Heritage of mission church by Spanish colonist
- Mainly in Southwest and California
- Clad in adobe-like stucco
- Flat or low-pitch roof with clay tiles
- Balconies with black, wrought-iron railings
- Often built around access to an inner courtyard
- Deeply shaded porches and dark interiors
- Terra-cotta pavers
Ranch House Style
Ranch House Style
- 1950՚s and 60՚s
- On cheap land
- Economical houses
- Single story, with low-pitched gable end
- Rectangular or L or U-shaped
- Long and low to the ground
- Sliding glass doors leading to a patio
- Attached garage with open floor plan
- Plain look
Southern Colonial Style
Southern Colonial Style
- Chimneys at end unlike northern version
- Steeply pitched gable roof
- Symmetrical in shape, with Centered front door
- Multipane, tall, double-hung windows
- Narrow plan, often only one room deep
- Wide, welcoming front porch
- Tall foundation walls to protect against moisture damage
Spanish Colonial Style
Spanish Colonial Style
- In South-western USA
- Massive masonry walls made of rough-cut stone blocks, or wood-frame walls with stucco
- Muted earth tones of red clay on exterior
- Small windows
- Large, ornate wooden doors
- Low, flat roof
Tudor Style
Tudor Style
- Indicative of fairy-tale castles
- Popular in USA in 1920 - 30՚s, & again in 70 - 80՚s.
- Steeply pitched roofs with wide gables and massive chimneys
- Brick and stucco cladding with stone trim and door surrounds
- Tall, narrow, casement windows with multiple panes
- Larger Tudors feature wood and stucco half-timbering
Art Deco Style
Art Deco Style
- Ancient Egypt, Hollywood and Miami Beach
- Flat roof
- Smooth Stucco Walls with rounded corners
- Bold exterior decoration
- Mostly for office buildings
Neoclassical Style
Neoclassical Style
- Reflects architecture of Greece and Rome
- In the early 20th century used by government buildings and universities
- Symmetry, tall columns, elaborate doorways
- Evenly spaced windows
- Example is Thomas Jefferson՚s Monticello in Virginia
Contemporary Housing
Contemporary – Large Glass Panes
- Natural siding materials like wood or stone
- Odd, irregular shapes
- Plain, lack of ornamentation
- Open floor plan
- Cathedral ceilings and exposed beams, or flat roofs
Prairie Style
Prairie Style
- Simple material
- Open floor
- Long flat roofs
- Rows of windows
- Horizontal lines and organic patterns
Townhouse
Townhouse
- Mostly found in urban areas
- Called row house or townhouse
- Popular in the early 19th century
- Due to limited space and financial benefits for the architect/builder
- They are two stories or more with a traditional layout, side hallways and minimal lawn space
Oriental Style
Oriental Style
- Rooted in Chinese architecture
- Curved roof that expands far beyond the exterior walls
- Framed with beautiful landscaping
✍ Manishika