Tsunamis - 5 Causes, 3 Hazards & 3 Prediction YouTube Lecture Handouts

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Tsunamis - 5 Causes, 3 Hazards & 3 Prediction

TSUNAMIS

  • TSUNAMIS or tidal wave also known as a seismic sea wave is a series of waves in a water body.
  • Caused by the displacement of a large volume of water.
  • Generally occurs in an ocean or a large lake.
  • Speed of tsunami waves depends on ocean depth rather than the distance from the source of the wave.
  • It may travel as fast as jet planes over deep waters.
  • Only slowing down when reaching shallow waters.
Illustration: TSUNAMIS
Illustration: TSUNAMIS

KE ⇾ PE

Illustration: TSUNAMIS

Measurement

  • Intensity
    • Sieberg-Ambraseys scale
    • Imamura-Iida intensity scale
    • Where is average wave height along closest coast?
  • Magnitude

ℎ is maximum tsunami-wave amplitude (in m) calculated by tide gauge at distance R from epicenter, a, b & D are constants

Causes

Illustration: Causes

Hazards

  • It is an agent which has the potential to cause harm to a vulnerable target.
  • “Hazard” and “risk” used interchangeably.
  • Hence, in terms of risk assessment, these are two very distinct terms.
  • Classified as different types in several ways.

Prediction

  • Prediction or forecast is a statement about an uncertain event.
  • It is often, but not always.
  • Based upon experience or knowledge.

Manishika