NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 2: People as Resource YouTube Lecture Handouts

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NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 2: People as Resource

NCERT Class 9 Economics

Chapter 2: People as Resource

Population

  • Asset & not liability
  • Working population – Skill & productivity
  • Contribution to GNP
  • Education & Healthy Human – Human Capital Formation – Return on Investment
  • Green Revolution
  • IT revolution
  • Skill India
  • Human resource can make use of land and capital
  • Land and capital cannot become useful on its own
  • Education adds to quality of labour – Increases productivity & growth of economy
  • Child with investment can lead to higher earning & greater contribution to society
  • Uneducated people create a vicious cycle of disadvantaged state
  • Japan – with no natural resource, only human resource – developed

Economic Activities

  • Primary Sector: Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishing, poultry farming, and mining.
  • Secondary Sector: Quarrying and manufacturing
  • Tertiary Sector: Trade, transport, communication, banking, education, health, tourism, services, insurance etc.
  • Economic Activity: Activity for pay or profit – Production of Goods & Services
  • Non-Economic Activity: Activity for self-consumption – Primary products

Gender Parity - Key

  • Division of Labour – Men (fields) & Women (domestic)
  • Women – Meager education, low skill formation, low wages, absence of maternity leave, childcare & social security systems for unorganized sector

Quality of Population – Education

  • Promotes national income
  • Cultural richness
  • Efficiency of governance
  • Education as Catalyst
  • Vocational Education
  • Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao
  • No a right but to enjoy rights
  • Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
  • Mid-Day Meals
  • Higher Education – A Focus
  • Standardization – Common Entrance
  • 3- Language Formula
Illustration: Quality of Population – Education

Quality of Population – Health

  • Accessibility
  • Family care
  • Nutrition
  • IMR & MMR – Protection from infection, nutrition, vaccination
  • Life Expectancy
  • Longetivity
  • Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra – Surpass
  • Free medical care
  • National Rural Health Mission

Types of Unemployment

  • Frictional – laid off from job, change job, take time off
  • Structural – Skill not match the job – technological advancement
  • Cyclic – Economic downturns & falls
  • Seasonal – Based on production schedules

Quality of Population – Unemployment

  • Rural – Seasonal (agriculture) & Disguised (for work of 4 people have 6 of them – people with agricultural plots – Productivity unaffected)
  • Urban – Educated (surplus manpower in certain areas while shortage in others)
  • Wastage of manpower
  • Hopelessness & despair
  • Increase economic overload - in health & withdrawal from school
  • Agriculture: Labor Absorbing – Mechanization, Disguised
  • Production: Small Scale – Labor absorbing
  • Tertiary: Upcoming - Biotechnology, nanotechnology, IT

Manishika