NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 1: Tracing Changes through a Thousand Years (700 - 1750 CE) YouTube Lecture Handouts

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NCERT Class 7 History Chapter 1: Tracing Changes through a Thousand Year

Al-Idrisi - Arab Geographer

  • South on the top
  • Small section of larger map
  • Solely concerned with portraying geography โ€“ No Imagery & text
  • Considered most accurate till 3 centuries

Then French Geographer โ€“ 1720s

  • Mentioned Kannauj (UP)
  • Used by European sailors
  • Atlas Nouveau by Guillaume de l Isle โ€“ Europe & Americas

Sources

  • Coins
  • Inscriptions
  • Architecture
  • Textual Records โ€“ Paper getting cheaper
  • Manuscripts โ€“ by Hand โ€“ No printing press โ€“ By (Scribes โ€“ copyist) โ€“ Writings nashtaliq (cursive & easy) & Shikaste (dense & difficult)
  • Archives โ€“ Place to store Manuscripts

Innovations

  • Persian Wheel โ€“ Irrigation
  • Spinning Wheel โ€“ Weaving
  • Firearms โ€“ Combat
  • New Crops โ€“ Potato, Corn, Chilly, Tea, Coffee

Social Groups

  • Rajputs โ€“ โ€œRajputrasโ€ โ€“ Kshatriya โ€“ Valor & Loyality
  • Marathas
  • Sikhs
  • Jats
  • Ahoms
  • Kayasthas (caste of scribe and secretaries)

Social Differentiation

  • Based on jatiโŸ‹sub-caste, occupation and background
  • Jati โ€“ Own rules
  • Jati Panchayats โ€“ villages governed by chieftain

Regional Expanse

Illustration: Regional Expanse

Expanse of Mohammad Bin Tughlaqีšs empire Ghiyasuddin Balban (1266 - 87) : From Bengal (Gauda) in the east to Ghazni (Gajjana) in Afghanistan in the west and included all of south India (Dravida) . People of Gauda, Andhra, Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Gujarat fled before his armies.

After Mughal Decline in 18th Century โ€“ Regional States

Illustration: After Mughal Decline in 18th Century โ€“ Regional States

โœ Manishika

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