Karnataka (Nammak) PSC Agriculture Study Material: Food Crops
Download PDF of This Page (Size: 106K) ↧
-
Sugarcane:
-
It is a tropical as well as a subtropical crop.
-
It grows well in hot and humid climate
-
It require a temperature of 21° C to 27° C
-
and an annual rainfall between 75cm. And 100cm.
-
Irrigation is required in the regions of low rainfall.
-
It can be grown on a variety of soils
-
It needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting.
-
India is the second largest producer of sugarcane only after Brazil.
-
It is the main source of sugar, gur (jaggary), khandsari and molasses.
-
The major sugarcane-producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana.
-
-
Oil Seeds:
-
India is the largest producer of oilseeds in the world.
-
Different oil seeds are grown covering approximately 12 per cent of the total cropped area of the country.
-
Main oil-seeds produced in India are groundnut, mustard, coconut, sesamum (til), soyabean, castor seeds, cotton seeds, linseed and sunflower.
-
Most of these are edible and used as cooking mediums. However, some of these are also used as raw material in the production of soap, cosmetics and ointments.
-
-
Groundnut
-
It is a kharif crop and accounts for about half of the major oilseeds produced in the country.
-
Andhra Pradesh is the largest producer of groundnut followed by Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra
-
-
Linseed and mustard
-
These are rabi crops.
-
Sesamum is a kharif crop in north and rabi crop in south India.
-
Castor seed is grown both as rabi and kharif crop.
-
-
Tea:
-
Tea cultivation is an example of plantation agriculture.
-
It is also an important beverage crop introduced in India initially by the British.
-
The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates
-
It needs deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.
-
Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year.
-
Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves.
-
Tea is a labour-intensive industry. It requires abundant, cheap and skilled labour.
-
Tea is processed within the tea garden to restore its freshness.
-
Major tea-producing states are Assam, hills of Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri districts, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Apart from these, Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Meghalaya, Andhra Pradesh and Tripura are also tea-producing states in the country.
-
India is the leading producer as well as exporter of tea in the world.
-
-
Coffee:
-
India produces about four per cent of the world's coffee production.
-
Indian coffee is known in the world for its good quality.
-
The Arabica variety initially brought from Yemen is produced in the country.
-
Intially its cultivation was introduced on the Baba Budan Hills and even today its cultivation is confined to the Nilgiri in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
-