NET, IAS, State-SET (KSET, WBSET, MPSET, etc.), GATE, CUET, Olympiads etc.: Milestones in Medical Science
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SNo | Discovery⟋Invention | Year | Discoverer⟋Inventor | Country |
1 | Adrenaline | 1894 | Schafer and Oliver | Britain |
2 | Anesthesia, Local | 1885 | Koller | Austria |
3 | Anesthesia, Spinal | 1898 | Bier | Germany |
4 | Anti-toxins (Science of Immunity) | 1890 | Behring and Kitasato | Germany, Japan |
5 | Aspirin | 1889 | Dreser | Germany |
6 | Ayurveda | 2000 − 1000 BC | Shustru | India |
7 | Bacteria | 1683 | Leeuwenhock | Netherlands |
8 | Bacteriology | 1872 | Ferdinand Cohn | Germany |
9 | Biochemistry | 1648 | Jan Baptista Van Helmont | Belgium |
10 | Blood Plasma storage (Blood bank) | 1940 | Drew | USA |
11 | Blood Transfusion | 1625 | Jean-Baptiste Denys | France |
12 | Cardiac Pacemaker | 1932 | A. S Hyman | USA |
13 | CAT Scanner | 1968 | Godfrey Hounsfield | Britain |
14 | Chemotherapy | 1493 − 1541 | Paracelsus | Switzerland |
15 | Chloroform as anaesthetic | 1847 | James Simpson | Britain |
16 | Chloromycetin | 1947 | Burkholder | USA |
17 | Cholera T. B germs | 1877 | Robert Koch | Germany |
18 | Circulation of blood | 1628 | William Harvey | Britain |
19 | Cryo-Surgery | 1953 | Henry Swan | USA |
20 | Diphtheria germs | 1883 − 84 | Klebs and Loffler | Germany |
21 | Electro-Cardiograph | 1903 | Willem Einthoven | Netherlands |
22 | Electro-encephalogram | 1929 | Hand Berger | Germany |
23 | Embryology | 1792 − 1896 | Kari Ernest Van Baer | Estonia |
24 | Endocrinology | 1902 | Bayliss and Starling | Britain |
25 | First Test Tube Baby | 1978 | Steptoe and Edwards | Britain |
26 | Gene Therapy on humans | 1980 | Martin Clive | USA |
27 | Genes associated with cancer | 1982 | Robert Weinberg and others | USA |
28 | Heart Transplant Surgery | 1967 | Christian Barnard | S. Africa |
29 | Histology | 1771 − 1802 | Marie Bichat | France |
30 | Hypodermic syringe | 1853 | Alexander wood | Britain |
31 | Kidney Machine | 1944 | Kolf | Netherlands |
32 | Leprosy Bacillus | 1873 | Hansen | Norway |
33 | LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) | 1943 | Hoffman | Switzerland |
34 | Malaria Germs | 1880 | Laveran | France |
35 | Morphine | 1805 | Friderich Sertumer | Germany |
36 | Neurology | 1758 − 1828 | Franz Joseph Gall | Germany |
37 | Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging | 1971 | Raymond Damadian | USA |
38 | Open Heart Surgery | 1953 | Walton Lillehel | USA |
39 | Oral Contraceptive Pills | 1955 | Gregory Pincus, Rock | USA |
40 | Penicillin | 1928 | Alexander Fleming | Britain |
41 | Physiology | 1757 − 66 | Albrecht Von Haller | Switzerland |
42 | Positron emission Tomography | 1978 | Louis Sokoloff | USA |
43 | Rabies Vaccine | 1860 | Louis Pasteur | France |
44 | Recombinant-DNA technology | 1972 − 73 | Paul Berg, H. W. Boyer, S Cohen | USA |
45 | Reserpine | 1949 | Jal Vakil | India |
46 | Rh-factor | 1940 | Karl Landsteiner | USA |
47 | Serology | 1884 − 1915 | Paul Ehrlich | Germany |
48 | Sex hormones | 1910 | Eugen Steinach | Australia |
49 | Small Pox eradicated | 1980 | W. H. O Declaration | UN |
50 | Stethoscope | 1819 | Rene Laennec | France |
51 | Streptomycin | 1944 | Selman Waksmann | USA |
52 | Synthetic Antigens | 1917 | Landsteiner | USA |
53 | Terramycin | 1950 | Finlay and Others | USA |
54 | Thyroxin | 1919 | Edward Calvin-Kendall | USA |
55 | Typhus Vaccine | 1909 | J.Nicolle | France |
56 | Vaccination | 1796 | Edward Jenner | Britain |
57 | Vaccine, Measles | 1963 | Enders | USA |
58 | Vaccine, Meningitis | 1987 | Gardon, et al. Connaught Lab | USA |
59 | Vaccine, Polio | 1954 | Jonas Salk | USA |
60 | Vaccine, Polio-orai | 1960 | Albert Sabin | USA |
61 | Vaccine, Rabies | 1885 | Louis Pasteur | France |
62 | Vaccine, Smallpox | 1776 | Jenner | Britain |
63 | Virology | 1892 | Ivanovski and Bajernick | USSR, Netherlands |
64 | Vitamin A | 1913 | Mc Collum and M. Davis | USA |
65 | Vitamin B1 | 1936 | Minot and Murphy | USA |
66 | Vitamin C | 1919 | Froelich Holst | Norway |
67 | Vitamin D | 1925 | Mc Collum | USA |
68 | Vitamin K | 1938 | Doisy Dam | USA |
69 | Western Scientific Therapy | 460 − 370 BC | Hippocrates | Greece |
70 | Yoga | 200 − 100 BC | Patanjali | India |