Kalpana Chawla, Fine Arts: Art and Culture, Classical and Folk Dance of India

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Table Supporting: Kalpana Chawla, Fine Arts: Art and Culture, Classical and Folk Dance of India
First Moon Walkers
Astronaut⟋SpacecraftTotal Eva. ⚹ Hr. MinMission Dates
Neil A. Armstrong, Apollo-112: 32Jul. 16 - 24,1969
Edwin E. ( “Buzz” ) Aldrin; Apollo-112: 15Jul. 16 - 24,1969
Charles Conrad, Jr. , Apollo-127: 45Nov. 14 - 24,1969
Allan L. Bean, Apollo-127: 45Nov. 14 - 24,1969
Alan B. Shepard, Apollo-149: 23Jan. 31 - Feb. 9,1971
Egar D. Mitche ll, Apollo-149: 23Jan. 31 - Feb. 9,1977.
David R. Scott, Apollo-1519: 08July 26 - Aug. 7,1971
James B. Irwin, Apollo-1518: 35July 26 - Aug. 7,1971
John W. Young, Apollo-1620: 14Apr. 16 - 27,1972
Charles M. Duke, Apollo-1620: 14Apr. 16 - 27,1972

Kalpana Chawla

  • The girl from Karnal in Haryana is the First Indian or Indian American woman to go on a space launch (November 19,1997) as Mission Specialist of 6 member crew on the fourth US microgravity payload flight on board Columbia on Mission “STS- 87” to study the outer atmosphere of Sun.
  • She took up on her second voyage on January 16,2003, the US space shuttle, Columbia blasted off from the Kennedy Space Centre, Cape Canaveral (USA) on a 16-day scientific research mission led by Commander Rick Husband. All the seven members were killed when the space shuttle exploded mid-air minutes before landing on 1.2. 2003.
  • Their main intention was to develop medicines to treat several diseases including cancer.

Fine Arts

Art and Culture

  • Lalit Kala Academy was set up in 1954 at New Delhi.
  • Sangeet Natak Academy was established in 1953 at New Delhi. Its function is to conduct survey research of different art forms in India.
  • Sahitya Academy was established in 1954 at New Delhi. Its aim is to encourage production of high-class literature in several languages of India.
  • The National Book Trust of India was set up in 1957.
  • ASI - Archaeological Survey of India - was established in 1861. Its headquarters is in New Delhi.
  • Indian Council for Cultural Relations was established in 1950, and it strives to promote and to strengthen cultural relations and mutual understanding between India and other countries. The Council administers the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for the promotion of peace and international understanding.
  • NSD - National School of Drama - was set up in 1959 in Delhi.
  • Dances: There are two main branches of Indian dance, namely classical and folk. Classical dances are those which are based on ancient dance disciplines and have rigid rules for presentation.

Classical Dances of India

  • Bharatnatyam (Tamilnadu) - follows the principal of Natya Shastra. Rukminidevi Arundale revived it by establishing ‘Kalakshetra’ at Adayar, Chennai. Famous dancers are Yamini Krishnamurthy, Sonal Mansingh, Padma Subramanyam, Mrinalini Sarabhai.
  • Kathakali & Mohiniyattam (Kerala) - the poet Vallathol revived Kathakali and Mohiniyattam by establishing Kerala Kalamandalam at Cheruthuruthi, Thrissur, in 1930.
  • Kathak - North Indian classical dance form. Birji Maharaj, Gopi Krishna and Shambu Maharaj are the famous exponents of this dance form.
  • Odissi (Orissa) - Guru Kelucharan Mahapatra is at the forefront of the greatest of Odissi exponents.
  • Kuchipudi (Andhra Pradesh) - a variation of Bharatnatyam.
  • Mohiniattom (Kerala) - Swathi Thirunal encouraged this dance form.
  • Manipuri (Manipur) - a delicate lyrical style of dance.

Folk Dance of India

  • Bihu (Assam) - a post - harvest folk dance.
  • Ottam Thullal (Kerala) - performed inside temples.
  • Chakiar Koothu (Kerala) - performed inside temples.
  • Yakshagana (Karnataka) - about 400 years old - revived by Dr. Shivaaram Karanth.
  • Bhangra (Punjab) - folk dance of harvest season, coinciding with the festival of Baisakhi.
  • Tamasha (Maharashtra) - Nautanki (U. P.) , Garba (Gujarat) , Chhow (Orissa, Bihar) .
  • There are two forms of music in India - Carnatic and Hindustani.
  • Sama Veda deals with music.
  • Purandaradas gave shape and form to Carnatic music.
  • The trinity of Carnatic music is Thyagaraja, Syama Shastri and Muthuswami Dikshitar.