Mobile Phone Technologies, Sakshat, Aakash, Vikram Computer and Redshift

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Mobile Phone Technologies

Mobile Phone Standards

GSM, TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, OFDM

GSM

Global System for Mobile Communication. It is a standard for mobile telephone system. 2G services.

CDMA

Code Division Multiple Access. It is a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies. It employs spread-spectrum technology and a special coding scheme to allow multiple users to be multiplexed over the same physical channel. CDMAONE and CDMA2000 are mobile technology standards using CDMA channel access in 2G and 3G, respectively.

Endosulfan

It is a pesticide banned in many countries of the world due to its adverse health effects. It is used in India though in Cashewnut plantations. A recent report by the National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad documented its adverse effects on the workers and people living near Cashewnut plantations in Kerala and declared it as a health hazard.

Keplar Spacecraft

Launched in 2009, the spacecraft has the mission to discover earth like planets orbiting other stars. Till Feb 2011, it had discovered more than 1235 planets including six exoplanets orbiting a single sun like star.

PETN

It is a lethal explosive – Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate. It was allegedly used in the Sept Delhi High Court Blasts.

Sakshat⟋Aakash

Is a tablet computer designed in India as a low cost but full functioning device in order to attempt to bridge the digital divide. It is to cost USD 35. Developed under the National Mission on Education programme

SOFIA

Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) is a new telescope used by NASA to study distant stars. The telescope is not placed in space but flies around on a Boeing 747 jet.

Vikram Computer

It is an indigenous computer developed by ISRO. It helped launch PSLV C17 that put GSAT 12 in orbit.

SAGA – 220

Supercomputer for Aerospace with GPU Architecture. It is India՚s fastest super computer. Developed by ISRO. 220 teraFLOPS (floating point operations per second)

Redshift

Redshift is a measurement of a star՚s redness in the light spectrum. The farther the distance, the more the wavelength stretches deeper into the red zone, becoming a yardstick of how far light has travelled. < this was in news because the 2011 Nobel Physics winners used this phenomenon to study distant stars >

CarbFix Experiment

An experiment in Iceland which seeks to separate CO2 from steam on a volcanic field and pump it underground to react with porous basalt rock, forming limestone, to see how well the gas can be locked away in a harmless form.

Lulzsec

A computer hacker group that claims responsibility for several high-profile attacks including the compromise of the user accounts from Sony Pictures in 2011. It also claims responsibility for taking the CIA website offline.

Digital Signature

Is a mathematical scheme for demonstrating the authenticity of a digital message or document. Digital signature provides a high level of security for online communication such that only intended recipient can read it. It provides authentication, privacy, non-repudiation and integrity in the digital world.