Tribes and Races, India - Key Facts - 2001 Census, Capital Cities of States and Union Territories

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The Schedule originally contained 15 languages as follows:

  • Assamese
  • Kashmiri
  • Sanskrit
  • Bengali
  • Malayalam
  • Tamil
  • Gujarati
  • Marathi
  • Telugu
  • Hindi
  • Oriya
  • Urdu
  • Kannada
  • Punjabi
  • Sindhi.
  • By the 71st Amendment to the Constitution, Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali were added to the list in 1992. Hindi, numerically the biggest of the Indo-Aryan family is the official language of the Government of India. This was originally spoken in Delhi and some Western UP districts. Official Hindi is written in Devanagari script.
  • Tamil, the oldest of the Dravidian languages, is the State language of Tamil Nadu. Tamil literature goes back to centuries before the Christian era. The language is spoken by 74 million or more and judging by its modern publications, it is advancing at a faster pace.
  • Kannada, the official language of the State of Karnataka, belongs to the Dravidian family. Kannada, as an independent language, dates from the 9th century. It has rich literary traditions.
  • Malayalam, a branch of the Dravidian family, is the official language of the State of Kerala. It is one of the most developed languages of India.
  • Telugu, numerically the biggest of the Dravidian languages is the State language of Andhra Pradesh. Next to Hindi, it is the biggest linguistic unit in India.

Tribes and Races

  • Bhils-Primitive race inhabiting Central India
  • Moplas-Muslim Tribe of Malabar (Kerala)
  • Nagas-Hill Tribe of Nagaland
  • Santhals -Aboriginal natives of Orissa
  • Todas-Aboriginal Tribe of Nilgiris

India - Key Facts - 2001 Census

  • Area: 3,287, 263 sq. km.
  • Population: 1, 027,015, 247 (2001) .
  • Males: 531,277, 078.
  • Females: 495,738, 169.
  • Literacy: Persons 566,714, 995 (65.38%) .
  • Males: 339,969, 048 (75.85%) .
  • Females: 226,745, 947 (54.16%) .
  • States: 28.
  • Capital: New Delhi.
  • Female-Male ratio: 933 females per 1000 males.
  • National income: ₹ 4,73, 246 crore (1991 - 96)
  • Per Capita GNP: ₹ 5528.6 (1991 - 92)
  • Life Expectancy: 61.1 (1991 - 96) .
  • Infant Mortality Rate: 80 (1990) .

Capital Cities of States and Union Territories

States- Capitals

  • Andhra Pradesh-Hyderabad
  • Arunachal Pradesh -Itanagar
  • Assam-Dispur
  • Bihar -Patna
  • Chhattisgarh-Raipur
  • Gujarat-Gandhinagar
  • Goa -Panaji
  • Haryana -Chandigarh
  • Himachal Pradesh -Shimla
  • Jammu & Kashmir -Srinagar
  • Jharkhand -Ranchi
  • Karnataka -Bangalore
  • Kerala -Thiruvananthapuram
  • Madhya Pradesh -Bhopal
  • Maharashtra -Mumbai
  • Manipur -Imphal
  • Meghalaya -Shillong
  • Mizoram -Aizawl
  • Nagaland -Kohima
  • Orissa -Bhubaneswar
  • Punjab-Chandigarh
  • Rajasthan -Jaipur
  • Sikkim-Gangtok
  • Tamil Nadu -Chennai
  • Tripura-Agartala
  • Uttar Pradesh-Lucknow
  • Uttaranchal -Dehradun
  • West Bengal -Kolkata