20th Livestock Census Report in Depth Analysis (Important)

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Explore Why? Decline in Camel, Horses, Yak Population; Increase in Mithun - 20th Livestock Census

Livestock Census

Illustration: Livestock Census
Illustration: Livestock Census

Total Livestock population increases 4.6% over Census-2012, Increases to 535.78 million.

  • The Livestock Census has been conducted in the country periodically since 1919 - 20. The Livestock Census usually covers all domesticated animals and headcounts of those animals will be carried out during a specific time period
  • Various species of animals (Cattle, Buffalo, Mithun, Yak, Sheep, Goat, Pig, Horse, Pony, Mule, Donkey Camel, Dog, Rabbit and Elephant) /poultry birds (Fowl, Duck, Emu, Turkeys, Quail and other poultry birds) possessed by the households, household enterprises/non-household enterprises and institutions will be counted at their site.
  • Poultry as registered by National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR) will be covered in the Livestock Census.
Illustration: Livestock Census
The major thrust of 20th Livestock Census would be data collection through tablets computers which is aimed to fulfil the objective of Digital India Programme.
Illustration: Livestock Census

Cow vs. Buffalo

  • Cow population declined in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra by 6% between 2012 and 2019
  • Farmers prefer to keep buffaloes. Buffaloes population rose over 10 per cent in these three states, with Madhya Pradesh at 26% increase.
  • Population of exotic and cross-bred cattle rose 27 per cent while that of the indigenous breeds fell six per cent between 2012 and 2019. It is the indigenous breeds of cows, in particular, which are actually respected and worshipped.
  • buffaloes, exotic, crossbred and indigenous in the years ahead as farmers look for ways to protect their income and cut their losses in an environment
  • In indigenous breeds, the population of in- milk cattle has increased 7.9 per cent while those reported as dry have declined by 10. per cent even as the population of all milch stock rose by less than a per cent.
  • In the case of cross-bred and exotic ones, the population of in-milk cows rose by nearly 40% and those dry by about 11% , even as the milch population expanded by a little of 32 per cent. The high proportion of β€˜in-milk’ cattle may point to higher use of hormones and other means to boost lactation
  • Female Cattle Population increased by 18.0% whereas Male cattle decreased by 30.2% over previous census.
  • Female Buffalo Population increased by 8.61% whereas Male Buffalo is declined by 42.35% over previous census
  • Buffalo – UP > Rajasthan > Gujarat
  • Cattle: WB > UP > MP
  • Sheep – Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka
  • Goat: Rajasthan > WB > UP
  • Pig: Assam > Jharkhand > Meghalaya
  • Camel: Rajasthan > Gujarat > Haryana
  • Horses: UP > J&K > Rajasthan
  • Mules: Uttarakhand > Himachal > J&K
  • Donkey: Rajasthan > Maharashtra > UP
  • Mithun: Arunachal Pradesh > Nagaland > Manipur (increased 30% of which 40% increase in Arunachal Pradesh) Also Gayal – state animal of Arunachal Pradesh & Nagaland (sago palm harvesting)
  • Yak – J&K, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim (51% decline in J&K and 70% increase in Arunachal Pradesh) – overall 24.6% decline Population of exotic and cross-bred cattle rose 27 per cent while that of the indigenous breeds fell six per cent between 2012 and 2019. It is the indigenous breeds of cows, in particular, which are actually respected and worshipped.
  • buffaloes, exotic, crossbred and indigenous in the years ahead as farmers look for ways to protect their income and cut their losses in an environment
  • In indigenous breeds, the population of in- milk cattle has increased 7.9 per cent while those reported as dry have declined by 10. per cent even as the population of all milch stock rose by less than a per cent.
  • In the case of cross-bred and exotic ones, the population of in-milk cows rose by nearly 40% and those dry by about 11% , even as the milch population expanded by a little of 32 per cent. The high proportion of β€˜in-milk’ cattle may point to higher use of hormones and other means to boost lactation

Poultry

  • Tamil Nadu > Andhra Pradesh > Telangana
  • Tamil Nadu tops the list in poultry population in the country, thanks to higher consumption of eggs and chicken in the State, Kerala and Karnataka.
  • The total poultry has increased by 16.81% and the total poultry is 851.81 million during 2019. v Over 45.78% increase in backyard poultry and total backyard poultry is 317.07 Million in 2019. v the commercial poultry has increased by 4.5% and the total commercial poultry is 534.74 million.

✍ Manishika