History of Chemistry Antoine Lavoisier John Dalton YouTube Lecture Handouts
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History of Chemistry
Antoine Lavoisier (1743 - 1794)
- Developed metric system to ensure uniform weights and measures.
- Stated the Law of Conservation of Mass.
- In 1787, Lavoisier published “Methods of Chemical Nomenclature,” which included the rules for naming chemical compounds.
John Dalton (1766 - 1844)
- Known for development of modern atomic theory
- He gave the Law of Multiple Proportions and the Law of Partial Pressures.
Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779 - 1848)
He developed the modern system of symbols and formulae. He also analysed numerous chemical compounds and discovered elements silicon, selenium, thorium, and cerium.
Louis Pasteur (1822 - 1895)
- He found that microorganisms cause the spoilage of food and it can be prevented by destroying those microorganisms.
- He developed a process called pasteurization, which involves heating milk, and other beverages to kill the harmful microorganisms present in them
Dmitri Mendeleev (1834 - 1907)
- Russian scientist who classified the elements and developed the first periodic table. He found recurring pattern, or periodicity, of properties within groups of elements.
- Built up a systematic periodic table of all the 66 elements-known at that time based on their atomic masses.
- Predicted the locations within the table of unknown elements together with their properties.
- Predicted the likely properties of three yet-to-be-discovered elements: scandium, gallium and germanium.
Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833 - 1896)
He was Swedish chemist, who invented dynamite. He also founded the prestigious Nobel Prize.
Niels Henrik David Bohr (1885 - 1962)
He was Danish physicist who made contributions in understanding the structure of an atom.
Ernest Rutherford (1871 - 1937)
He was a British physicist who discovered Atomic nucleus.
Marie Sktodowska Curie (1867 - 1934)
Known for her pioneering research in She is radioactivity. She discovered radium.
Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (1887 - 1915)
English physicist, who is known for atomic number and Moseley՚s law
Prafulla Chandra Ray (1861 - 1944)
Indian chemist who set up the first chemical factory in India, which later became the Bengal Chemical and Pharmaceutical Works Ltd.
Har Gobind Khorana (1922 - 2011)
- Indian-American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in 1968
- Demonstrated how the nucleotides in nucleic acids control the synthesis of proteins.
Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao (1934)
- He has worked mainly in solid state and
- Structural chemistry.
- Passion: Nanotechnology
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