Agrarian Unrest and Peasant Movements Sociology YouTube Lecture Handouts
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Agrarian Unrest and Peasant Movements
“The root of peasant unrest, therefore, lies in the social structure of the peasantry, its history, and processes of agricultural modernisation.” - S. L. Desai, P. C. Jain
Introduction
- Not a new phenomenon
- Part of National Movement – Bipin Chandra
- State Government handles
- Issues of land, agriculture
- Other names – struggle for peasantry, peasant struggle, peasant uprising, peasant revolution, class struggle, class war, etc.
Concept
- Farmer՚s agitation or revolt
- Aim to bring about changes
- Pre and post independent era
Causes
- Exploitation
- Debts
- Increasing number of landless, uneducated and unemployed
- Relative deprivation
- Farmers organization and political awareness
- Eviction of tenants
- Anti-farmers policies by Government
- Modern Technology
Types of Peasant Struggles
- On the basis of:
- Ideology
- Purpose
- Way of working
- Organisational base
- According to Kathleen Gough, five categories or types of peasant struggles
- Restorative rebellion – Santal insurrection
- Religious rebellion – Mopla Muslims of Malabar
- Social banditry – snatch from wealthy and distribute to poor
- Terrorist vengeance – People՚s war group - Naxalites
- Mass insurrections – mass explosions – leader is absent- spontaneous start and end
Another category added by, Dr. Dhanagare – Liberal Reformist Movements – no violence – Champaran Satyagraha
Movements in Pre-Independent India
- Integrated with National struggle
- Violent
- Victims of famine, high debts, struggle for National freedom
- Targets – Zamindars, money lenders, Government
- Some examples:
- Champaran movement, 1917
- Kheda Peasant Struggle, 1918
- Bardoli Satyagraha, 1920
- Moplah Rebellion, 1921
Movements in Post-Independent India
- Telangana Peasant Movement, 1947
- Naxalbari Peasant Movement, 1967
Existing Peasant Struggles
- Tamilnadu Farmers Sangh
- Karnataka Rajya Raita Sangh
- Shetkari Organisation
- Bhartiya Kisan Union
MCQs
Q.1. Which peasant struggle was known as the “beacon light for the revolutionary struggle in India” ?
1. Champaran Movement
2. Naxalbari struggle
3. Bardoli Satyagraha
4. Kheda Satyagraha
Answer: 2
Q.2. Which of these were the causes of Naxalbari agitation?
a. Economic dissatisfaction
b. Judicial partiality
c. Role of Marxists
d. Indigo grower՚s agitation
Codes:
1. d only
2. a, b and c
3. b and d
4. c only
Answer: 2
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#Social Issues and Strategies for Rural Development
#Agrarian unrest and Peasant movements
#UGC-NET
Chapters:
0: 00 Agrarian unrest and Peasant movements
0: 35 Introduction of Peasant movements
2: 10 Concept of Peasant movements
2: 57 Causes of Peasant movements
6: 43 Types of Peasant Struggles
10: 22 Movements in pre-independent India
10: 59 Movements in post-independent India
11: 09 Existing peasant struggles
11: 27 MCQ about Agrarian unrest and Peasant movements
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✍ Manishika