Peasant Movement: Political Science YouTube Lecture Handouts

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  • It is a social movement for peasant rights.
  • Earlier they were led against feudal and semi feudal societies and were violent in nature.
  • But in present times they are less violent and focus on betterment of peasant condition
  • In India Peasant Movements were led against the Britishers for agricultural reforms.
  • The reasons include high rents on land and atrocities by the Money lenders
  • Ruin of Traditional Handicrafts with massive dept.
  • Britishers exploited peasants and protected the landlords.
  • Colonial economic policies
  • Land Revenue System

Indigo Revolt

  • It took place in 1859.
  • It was led against the Britishers as they force peasants to grow Indigo.
  • It was led by Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Biswas in Bengal.
  • Indigo was cash crop for East India Company.
  • The Indigo Revolt gave birth to political movement in India.

Pabna Movement

  • Against the Zamindar in East Bengal.
  • Zamindars prevented peasants from acquiring the Occupancy Rights under the Act of 1858
  • In 1873, an Agrarian league was formed.
  • Peasant legally resisted against the Zamindar.

The Deccan Peasant Uprisings

  • It took place in 1875
  • It was against Marwari and Gujrati money lenders.
  • It was a violent movement.
  • It was supported by MG Ranade of Poona Sarvajanik Sabha

The Punjab Peasant Discontent

  • It held between 1890 to 1900 because of Alienation of agricultural land from peasants
  • It resulted in passing of the Punjab Land Alienation Act, 1900

The Champaran Satyagraha

  • It took place in 1917
  • The peasant of Champaran district in Bihar was exploited by European planters
  • This Movement was led by Mahatma Gandhi along with Mazhar-ul-haq, J. B. Kriplani and Mahadev Desai.
  • It resulted in appointment of an Enquiry Committee in 1917.

Kheda Movement

  • It took place in the year 1818
  • It took place in Gujarat against the Government
  • In 1918, despite of the crops failure Government insisted on full revenue collection
  • It was supported by Mahatma Gandhi along with Vallabhai Patel

The Bardoli Satyagraha

  • It took place in the year 1928 at Bardoli District in Surat.
  • It was led by Vallabhai Patel
  • The resistance was against 30% increase in land Revenue
  • No Revenue Campaign was organized

Tebhaga Movement

  • It was led by Bengalีšs share croppers
  • It was led in the year 1946 - 47
  • It was against Bengal cropping system as the rich peasant known as Jotedars collected huge tracts , control local markets and poor cultivators
  • Jotedars land were cultivated by sharecroppers (Bhagadars) which gave half of the crop to Jotedars
  • Bhagardas insisted to pay only 1โŸ‹3 of the produce to Jotedars
  • It was led by All India Kisan Sabha

Telangana Movement

  • It was led between 1946 to 51 in Hyderabad.
  • It was the most politically effective peasant movement.
  • It was led in against of high rent, indebtedness and free labour
  • It was led by Communist Party Of India with land grabbing and redistribution as its objectives
  • It was a violent Movement
  • A. P Tenancy and Agriculture land act 1950 was passed

Naxalbari Movement

  • It took place in 1976 at West Bengal by Communist Party of India
  • It seek to secure rights for agricultural community
  • It is now widespread Movement in India and includes issues of Corruption, exploitation and Mala administration

โœ Mayank