Peasant Movement: Political Science YouTube Lecture Handouts
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- It is a social movement for peasant rights.
- Earlier they were led against feudal and semi feudal societies and were violent in nature.
- But in present times they are less violent and focus on betterment of peasant condition
- In India Peasant Movements were led against the Britishers for agricultural reforms.
- The reasons include high rents on land and atrocities by the Money lenders
- Ruin of Traditional Handicrafts with massive dept.
- Britishers exploited peasants and protected the landlords.
- Colonial economic policies
- Land Revenue System
Indigo Revolt
- It took place in 1859.
- It was led against the Britishers as they force peasants to grow Indigo.
- It was led by Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Biswas in Bengal.
- Indigo was cash crop for East India Company.
- The Indigo Revolt gave birth to political movement in India.
Pabna Movement
- Against the Zamindar in East Bengal.
- Zamindars prevented peasants from acquiring the Occupancy Rights under the Act of 1858
- In 1873, an Agrarian league was formed.
- Peasant legally resisted against the Zamindar.
The Deccan Peasant Uprisings
- It took place in 1875
- It was against Marwari and Gujrati money lenders.
- It was a violent movement.
- It was supported by MG Ranade of Poona Sarvajanik Sabha
The Punjab Peasant Discontent
- It held between 1890 to 1900 because of Alienation of agricultural land from peasants
- It resulted in passing of the Punjab Land Alienation Act, 1900
The Champaran Satyagraha
- It took place in 1917
- The peasant of Champaran district in Bihar was exploited by European planters
- This Movement was led by Mahatma Gandhi along with Mazhar-ul-haq, J. B. Kriplani and Mahadev Desai.
- It resulted in appointment of an Enquiry Committee in 1917.
Kheda Movement
- It took place in the year 1818
- It took place in Gujarat against the Government
- In 1918, despite of the crops failure Government insisted on full revenue collection
- It was supported by Mahatma Gandhi along with Vallabhai Patel
The Bardoli Satyagraha
- It took place in the year 1928 at Bardoli District in Surat.
- It was led by Vallabhai Patel
- The resistance was against 30% increase in land Revenue
- No Revenue Campaign was organized
Tebhaga Movement
- It was led by Bengalีs share croppers
- It was led in the year 1946 - 47
- It was against Bengal cropping system as the rich peasant known as Jotedars collected huge tracts , control local markets and poor cultivators
- Jotedars land were cultivated by sharecroppers (Bhagadars) which gave half of the crop to Jotedars
- Bhagardas insisted to pay only 1โ3 of the produce to Jotedars
- It was led by All India Kisan Sabha
Telangana Movement
- It was led between 1946 to 51 in Hyderabad.
- It was the most politically effective peasant movement.
- It was led in against of high rent, indebtedness and free labour
- It was led by Communist Party Of India with land grabbing and redistribution as its objectives
- It was a violent Movement
- A. P Tenancy and Agriculture land act 1950 was passed
Naxalbari Movement
- It took place in 1976 at West Bengal by Communist Party of India
- It seek to secure rights for agricultural community
- It is now widespread Movement in India and includes issues of Corruption, exploitation and Mala administration
โ Mayank