NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 1: Story of Village Palampur YouTube Lecture Handouts

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NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 1: Story of Village Palampur

NCERT Class 9 Economics

Chapter 1: Story of Village Palampur

Theme is Production

  • Resources combine to produce goods & services
  • Palampur – Well Connected – to Raiganj & Shahpur
  • 450 families – 80 (upper caste – large house - Pucca) , 1βŸ‹3rd (SC – small house in corner – mud & straw)
  • Has electricity connection
  • 2 Schools
  • Hospital – 1 PHC (Govt) & 1 Private

Production – Fundamentals

  • Production – Farming or Non-Farming
  • Aim – To get goods & services
  • 4 Factors of Production
  • Land
  • Labor – Manual & educated
  • Physical Capital
    • Fixed – Use for many years – Tools, Machines, Buildings
    • Working – Raw Material & Money – Used up in process
  • Human Capital – Knowledge & Enterprise

Land

  • Fixed & Scarce – 75% in Farming – No Expansion; Wasteland to Cultivable Land
  • 1 hectare = 100 sq. meter, also in bigha, guintha
  • Grow More – Rainy Season – Jowar & bajra – Kharif; Winter – rabi – Wheat – Sowed; Oct-Dec - Potato (3 Crops due to Irrigation – Persian Wheel, Tubewells) – MULTIPLE CROPPING – HYV seeds, fertilizers & pesticides; traditional farming – cow dung as manure
  • Land – Sustain: Deplete water table; chemical fertilizers harm fauna; highest consumption of chemical fertilizer in Punjab
  • Land Distribution: Small scattered plots
Illustration: Land

Labour

  • Abundant
  • Hard Work & Manual Input
  • Tractors for Ploughing
  • Harvesters for Harvesting
  • Threshers for Threshing
  • Wages – Cash/Kind/Meals
  • Problem with landless farm labourer – Employment (Daily/Seasonal)

Physical Capital

  • Small farmers - Borrow money from large farmers/moneylenders/traders – High rate of interest – 80% of total farmers
  • Medium & Large farmers – Have savings
  • Sell surplus produce – Either repay loan or add saving (buy equipment՚s for farm/cattle/non-farm activity - fixed capital)

Non-Farm Activity – Only 24% in Villages

  • Dairy – feed buffalo with grass, jowar or bajra
  • Small Scale manufacturing – Simple equipments – at home, family labour, rarely hire labourers
  • Trade – Shopkeepers
  • Transport Services

✍ Manishika