NCERT Class 6 History Chapter 12: Paintings, Buildings & Books YouTube Lecture Handouts
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NCERT Class 6 History
Chapter 12: Paintings, Buildings & Books
Iron Pillar
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Mehrauli, Delhi
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7.2. m high
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weighs over 3 tons
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About 1500 years ago
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Inscriptions of Chandragupta
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Not rusted
Buildings
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Stupa (mould) – has small box (relic casket) in center with bodily remains, mud brick layer added on top
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Later mud brick on top
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Dome like structure covered the stone slabs
Temple Structures
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Pradakshina patha around stupa
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Stone carvings to decorate stupa – 2000 yrs ago
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Garbhagriha
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Bhitargaon: tower – shikhara – on top of Garbhagriha
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Mandapa – hall
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Mahabalipuram (monolith) & Aihole (Durga temple)
How Temples Were Built?
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Expensive – by kings and queens
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Good quality stone – find, quarry and transport
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Shaped & carved into pillars
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Devotees brought gift to decorate (ivory gateway – Sanchi)
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merchants, farmers, garland makers, perfumers, smiths
Paintings
Ajanta – Caves hollowed from hills – monasteries for Buddhist monks – painted in torch lights – 1500 yrs ago
Epics
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Grand, long compositions, about heroic men and women, and include stories about gods
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Tamil epic, Silappadikaram by Ilango – b/w Kovalan & Madhavi, wife Kannagi (moved from Puhar to Madurai) – Kovalan was wrongly accused & sentenced – Kannagi destroyed the entire city
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Tamil epic, Manimekalai by Sattanar - 1400 yrs ago - story of daughter of Kovalan and Madhavi
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Kalidasa – poem Meghaduta – monsoon cloud as messenger
Books
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Puranas – old – stories about gods and goddesses, such as Vishnu, Shiva, Durga or Parvati – simple Sanskrit for women and shudras
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Mahabharata – by Ved Vyas
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Ramayana – (Ayodhya, the capital of Kosala) by Valmiki in Sanskrit
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Jatakas & panchtantras
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Zero by India
Aryabhatta
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Mathematician and astronomer
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In Sanskrit - Aryabhatiyam
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Day and night by rotation
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Sunrise and sunset daily
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Explanation for eclipse
Paper
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Invented in China – 1900 yrs ago – by Cai Lun
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Korea – 1400 yrs ago & then Japan
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Baghdad - 1800 yrs ago 7 then to Europe, Africa
-Manishika