Human Nutrition Carbohydrates Home Science YouTube Lecture Handouts Part 1

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Title: Human Nutrition Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates are sugars or polymers of sugars such as starch, that can be hydrolysed to simple sugars by the action of digestive enzymes or by heating with dilute acids.

Carbohydrates

Classification of Carbohydrates

Classification of Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides

  • These are the compounds that cannot be hydrolysed to simpler compounds
  • Hexoses have dietary importance
  • Glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose have the same empirical formula
Monosaccharides

Glucose

  • Other names - Dextrose/Grape sugar/corn sugar
  • Found - Sweet veg & fruits - Grapes, Berries, carrot, sweet corn
  • Chief end product of digestion
  • Circulates in blood
  • Utilized by cell for energy

Fructose

  • Other names - fruit sugar
  • Highly soluble and does not readily crystallize
  • Found - Honey, ripe fruits, some vegetables

Galactose

  • Not Found free in Nature
  • Only Source is from Lactose

Mannose

  • Other names - D - Mannose
  • Found - Fruits - Apple, Orange, Peach, blueberries
  • Vegetables - Beans, Cabbage, Broccoli

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