Indian Architecture and Sculpture & Town Planning for NET, IAS, State-SET (KSET, WBSET, MPSET, etc.), GATE, CUET, Olympiads etc.

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Indian Architecture and Sculpture

Illustration: Indian Architecture and Sculpture
Indus valley civilization
Illustration: Indian Architecture and Sculpture
  • Architecture
  • Town planning
  • Public bath
  • Granaries
  • dockyard
  • Sculpture
    • Bronze and terracotta sculpture
    • Seals
    • Stone sculpture
  • Miscelleneous
  • Ornaments
  • Pottery

Indus Valley Architecture

  • Indigenous art
  • No influence of outside.
  • Different from ancient and medieval architecture.
  • No integral use of sculpture.
  • Concentration on utility factor rather than artistic factor.
  • (Decorative embellishment may have been lost over time)

Town Planning

  • 3rd millennium B. C.
  • On and around Indus riverbank.
  • Walled cities for security.
  • No evidence of temples or any religious structure.
  • Burnt brick was widely used
  • Roads were wide and at right angles to one another-rectangular grid pattern of layout
  • Existence of assembly halls, workshops, hostels and market place

Two Parts of the Town

Illustration: Two Parts of the Town
  • Citadel upper part for elite class Dominant citadel suggests some kind of political authority.
  • Non-citadel lower part for common people.

Houses

Illustration: Houses
  • Built of begged clay
  • Fixed size
  • Use of stone and wood
  • Included bath, upper storeys, and wells.
  • Evidence of big buildings public buildings or administrative or business centre.
  • Pillared halls and courtyard.

Public Bath

Illustration: Public Bath
  • Tank type, stairs
  • Small rooms along with the bath.
  • Importance of ritual bathing.
  • Importance of cleanliness.
  • The great bath of Mohenjo-Daro.
  • Still functional.
  • No leakages or cracks.