Indian Architecture and Sculpture & Town Planning for NET, IAS, State-SET (KSET, WBSET, MPSET, etc.), GATE, CUET, Olympiads etc.
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Indian Architecture and Sculpture
Indus valley civilization- Architecture
- Town planning
- Public bath
- Granaries
- dockyard
- Sculpture
- Bronze and terracotta sculpture
- Seals
- Stone sculpture
- Miscelleneous
- Ornaments
- Pottery
Indus Valley Architecture
- Indigenous art
- No influence of outside.
- Different from ancient and medieval architecture.
- No integral use of sculpture.
- Concentration on utility factor rather than artistic factor.
- (Decorative embellishment may have been lost over time)
Town Planning
- 3rd millennium B. C.
- On and around Indus riverbank.
- Walled cities for security.
- No evidence of temples or any religious structure.
- Burnt brick was widely used
- Roads were wide and at right angles to one another-rectangular grid pattern of layout
- Existence of assembly halls, workshops, hostels and market place
Two Parts of the Town
- Citadel upper part for elite class Dominant citadel suggests some kind of political authority.
- Non-citadel lower part for common people.
Houses
- Built of begged clay
- Fixed size
- Use of stone and wood
- Included bath, upper storeys, and wells.
- Evidence of big buildings public buildings or administrative or business centre.
- Pillared halls and courtyard.
Public Bath
- Tank type, stairs
- Small rooms along with the bath.
- Importance of ritual bathing.
- Importance of cleanliness.
- The great bath of Mohenjo-Daro.
- Still functional.
- No leakages or cracks.