NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3: Fibre to Fabric YouTube Lecture Handouts
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NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 3: Fibre to Fabric
Cloth
- Cotton
- Synthetic
- Woolen
- Silk
Types of Cloth - bed sheets, blankets, curtains, tablecloths, towels and dusters
Cloth Materials
- Fabric made of yarns arranged together
- Yarn splits into small threads – it is separated into thin strands as fibers
- Fibers can be obtained from plants (cotton and jute) or animals (wool and silk) – natural fibers
- Wool from sheep, goat, rabbit, yak, camel
- Silk from silkworm (cocoon)
- Synthetic fiber – made from chemical substances like polyester, nylon and acrylic
Cotton
- Wicks of oil lamp
- Fillings for mattress, quilts and pillows
- Grown in fields
- Black soil & warm climate
- Fruits called as cotton bolls – size of lemon
- When fruits mature they burst and open & seeds covered with fibers can be seen
- Bolls are picked by hand
- Fiber is separated from seeds by combing (called as ginning) – initially by hands and now machines do it
Bale
Jute
- From stem of jute plant
- Cultivated in rainy season
- Grown in West Bengal, Assam and Bihar
- Harvested when it is at the flowering stage
- Stems immersed in water, they rot and fiber is separated
Spinning
- Process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning.
- In this process, fibres from a mass of cotton wool are drawn out and twisted
- This brings the fibres together to form a yarn.
- Simple device – hand spindle takli
- Then – Charkha – popularized by Gandhiji – homespun yarn and chun imported cloth from Britain
Weaving
- Putting 2 sets of yarn together is known as weaving
- Weaving is done by looms
- These can be powerloom or handloom
Knitting
- Single yarn is used to make a fabric & gets pulled continuously
- Can be done by hands and machines
History of Clothing Material
- People used bark and big leaves of trees
- Animal skins and furs
- Fabrics made of cotton that grew near Ganga
- Flax is also a plant
- Egypt: Flax was cultivated near Nile River and used to make fabrics
- Stitching was not known and people draped the clothes
- With invention of needle, stitching started
- Name unstitched clothes as of now: Saree, Lungi, Dhoti, Turban
What Can be Done to Identify Cloth Material?
- Touch & feel
- Separate fiber
- Test strength
- Observe luster
- Fibers can be identified by their textures.
- The ‘burrs’ in wool are the maximum, less in cotton yarn and the least in synthetic yarn
✍ Mayank